Plasma Membrane Alterations Following Cold Acclimation and Freezing

Steponkus, Peter L.; Wiest, Steven C.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-447650-9.50011-3

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Previous studies (22,23,25) have shown that to protoplasts isolated from a given tissue may be ascribed TSAI, expansion greater than which causes lysis and which quantitatively accounts for the incidence of injury in nonacclimated protoplasts subjected to a freeze-thaw cycle (25 Protoplasts allowed to contract without constraint on area contracted volumetrically over 10 to 30 s to an irregular flaccid shape. During the 5-min exposure to hypertonic conditions, the shape gradually became more regular, and in some cases returned apparently to sphericity.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Use Of The Elastimetermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is unlikely that the very large area changes sustained during osmotic manipulations are the result of similarly large changes in the membrane area density. Studies of protoplasts subjected to osmotic manipulations (22) indicate that large changes in area, up to 3-fold, are possible. The hydrocarbon tails of lipids have a very high volumetric modulus of elasticity (as does bulk liquid hydrocarbon) and so any intensive change in area in the bilayer regions of a membrane must involve a reciprocal change in the hydrocarbon thickness (11).…”

Section: ) Kamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Steponkus and co-workers (22,23,25) have shown that one may ascribe to a population of protoplasts an absolute surface area increment, greater expansions than which cause the plasma membrane to lyse. This increment is independent of the extent of contraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This increment is independent of the extent of contraction. One form of freeze-thaw injury suffered by protoplasts from nonacclimated tissue is the result of incompletely reversible contractions of the plasma membrane during freezing of the suspending medium (22,23,25). These studies suggest that, during large deformation, the mechanical properties of the plasma membrane of isolated protoplasts are qualitatively different from l…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mechanical Properties of the Plasma Membrane of Isolated Plant Protoplasts

Wolfe

Steponkus²

1983

Plant Physiol.

114

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The vome of isolated protoplasts of rye (Secale cereale L. cv Puma) in a suspending solution at constant concentration is shown to be neglgbly changed by tensions in the plasma membrane which approach that tension necessary to lyse them. This aflows a detailed investigation of the plasma membrane stress-strain relation by micropipette aspiration.Over periods less than a second, the membrane behaves as an elastic two-dimensional fluid with an area modulus ofelasticity of230 milnewtons per meter. Over longer periods, the stress-strain relation approaches a surface energy law-the resting tension is independent of area and has a value of the order 100 micronewtons per meter. Over longer periods the untensioned area, which is defhied as the area that would be occupied by the molecules in the membrane at any given time if the tension were zero, increases with time under large imposed tensions and decreases under sufficiently small tension. It is proposed that these long term responses are the result of exchange of material between the plane of the membrane and a reservoir of membrane material. The irreversibility of large contractions in area is demonstrated directly, and the behavior of protoplasts during osmoticaLy induced cycles of contraction and expansion is explained in terms of the membrane stress-strain relation.When the volume of isolated protoplasts is reduced by transferring them to a medium with greater osmotic pressure, the area of their plasma membranes is also reduced and they regain their spherical shape. Thus, osmotic expansions and contractions of spherical protoplasts both produce changes in the area of the plasma membrane.Steponkus and co-workers (22,23,25) have shown that one may ascribe to a population of protoplasts an absolute surface area increment, greater expansions than which cause the plasma membrane to lyse. This increment is independent of the extent of contraction. One form of freeze-thaw injury suffered by protoplasts from nonacclimated tissue is the result of incompletely reversible contractions of the plasma membrane during freezing of the suspending medium (22,23,25). These studies suggest that, during large deformation, the mechanical properties of the plasma membrane of isolated protoplasts are qualitatively different from l

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Section: Analysis Of the Use Of The Elastimetermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ) Kamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical Properties of the Plasma Membrane of Isolated Plant Protoplasts

Wolfe

Steponkus²

1983

Plant Physiol.

114

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“…A theoretical basis for an osmotic mechanism of freezing resistance has been proposed (8) and applied to the survival of isolated cells (7) and plant cell protoplasts (16). The current study of alterations in the internal water relations of Fragaria virginiana overwintering leaves during cold acclimation is the first such investigation in a whole plant system.…”

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confidence: 99%