Plasma Metabolomic and Lipidomic Alterations Associated with COVID-19

Abstract

The pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 has become a global public health crisis. The symptoms of COVID-19 range from mild to severe conditions. However, the physiological changes associated with COVID-19 are barely understood.In this study, we performed targeted metabolomic and lipidomic analyses of plasma from a cohort of COVID-19 patients who had experienced different symptoms. We found the metabolite and lipid alterations exhibit apparent correlation with the course of disease in these COVID-19 patients, indicating that the development of COVID-19 affected whole-body metabolism of the patients. In particular, malic acid of the TCA cycle and carbamoyl phosphate of urea cycle reveal the altered energy metabolism and hepatic dysfunction, respectively. It should be noted that carbamoyl phosphate is profoundly down-regulated in fatal patients compared with mild patients. And more importantly, guanosine monophosphate (GMP), which is mediated by not only GMP synthase but also CD39 and CD73, is significant changed between healthy subjects and

Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection is defined by a shift in the serum lipidome resulting in dysregulation of eicosanoid lipid immune mediators

“…Changes in primarily polar metabolites among COVID-19 patient cohorts from China, Italy, and France have been reported. [9][10][11][12] In agreement with those studies, we observed a dysregulation of amino acid pools, interruption of the glucose to lactate balance, and dysregulation of nucleotide catabolic products such as xanthine, hypoxanthine, and urate (Sup. Fig.…”

“…[4][5][6] While several studies have examined the systemic metabolic correlates of COVID-19, a well resolved interrogation of the lipidomic changes in COVID-19 severity has not been pursued. [9][10][11][12] To measure lipidomic changes in COVID-19 and gain mechanistic insights into how these changes may drive disease severity, we used serum draws from 19 healthy patients (healthy), 18 COVID-19 patients who did not require ICU admission (moderate) and 20 patients that required ICU admission (severe). The demographics, preexisting conditions, and treatment details of these patients are indicated in Table 1.…”

Low serum level of apolipoprotein A1 is an indicator of severity in patients with coronavirus disease 2019

“…Previous studies have found that lipid metabolism impairment may involve in the pathogenesis of sepsis secondly to pneumonia and in uenza [10][11][12]. Similarly, recent studies observed the dyslipidemia in the patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 by MS analysis, especially in the severe cases [7][8][9], which reminded us that blood lipid might serve as a maker for the severity of COVID-19. While among the altered lipids, ApoA1 was very obviously decreased.…”

“…Consequently, some clinical characteristic, in ammation index and cytokines have been used as markers to re ect the severity of COVID-19 by us and others [5,6]. Recently, emerging evidence suggested that lipid metabolism dysregulation may involve into the progression of COVID-19 revealed bymass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics analysis [7][8][9]. Although MS analysis is not common performed, blood lipid is routinely examined by automatic biochemical instrument in clinically laboratory.…”

The Trans-omics Landscape of COVID-19

“…For example, meta-transcriptome sequencing was conducted on the bronchoalveolar lavage uid of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients 18 . Proteomic and metabolomic analyses of the serum from COVID-19 patients have also been investigated [19][20][21] . However, from the data so far, it remains di cult to determine which parameters are due to infection from the virus and which to comorbidities as no systematic study of the disease have been published thus far.…”