Plasma Metabolomic Profiles and Clinical Features in Recovered COVID-19 Patients Without Previous Underlying Diseases 3 Months After Discharge

Abstract

Knowing the residual and future effect of SARS-CoV-2 on recovered COVID-19 patients is critical for optimized long-term patient management. Recent studies focus on the symptoms and clinical indices of recovered patients, but the pathophysiological change is still unclear. To address this question, we examined the metabolomic profiles of recovered asymptomatic (RA), moderate (RM) and severe and critical (RC) patients without previous underlying diseases discharged from the hospital for 3 months, along with laboratory and CT findings. We found that the serum metabolic profiles in recovered COVID-19 patients still conspicuously differed from that in healthy control (HC), especially in the RM, and RC patients. Additionally, these changes bore close relationship with the function of pulmonary, renal, hepatic, microbial and energetic metabolism and inflammation. These findings suggested that RM and RC patients sustained multi-organ and multi-system damage and these patients should be followed up on regular basis for possible organ and system damage.

Metabolomic Profile, Plasmatic Levels of Losartan and EXP3174, Blood Pressure Control in Hypertensive Patients and Their Correlation with COVID-19

“…Glutamine is essential for T cell differentiation and macrophage polarization, and high levels can increase oxygen consumption in effector T cells and promote T cell activation [ 31 ]. Glutamine was found to be elevated and positively correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in patients after COVID-19, suggesting that inflammation persists even in recovered patients [ 32 ]. For instance, it was found to be comparatively elevated in the HCP 3 months group, followed by HCP 6 months and HCP 1 year, which may be related to the persistence of inflammation and dysregulation of post-COVID protein metabolism.…”

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Dementia Risk: Potential Pathways to Cognitive Decline

“…While overall liver enzymes trended toward recovery over 40 days in these patients, not all enzymes fully normalized making the complete recovery timeline unknown [160]. These enzyme trends are supported by abnormal plasma metabolic profiles, after 3 months of recovery time, which could indicate prolonged liver injury [226]. While the complete long-term implications of abnormal liver function are not yet known and additional follow-up data are needed, warning signs of liver injury exist in recovered COVID-19 patients that could contribute to dementia risk [195, 196].…”