Plasma metabonomics study on Chinese medicine syndrome evolution of heart failure rats caused by LAD ligation

Abstract

BackgroundChinese medicine syndromes (Zheng) in many disease models are not clearly characterized or validated, and the concepts of Chinese medicine syndromes are confounding and controversial. Metabonomics has been applied to the evaluation and classification of the Chinese medicine syndromes both in clinical and nonclinical studies. In this study, we aim to investigate the evolution of the Chinese medicine syndrome in myocardial infarction induced heart failure and to confirm the feasibility of the Zheng classification by plasma metabonomics in a syndrome and disease combination animal model.MethodsThe heart failure (HF) model was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in Sprague–Dawley rats. The rats were divided into the following two groups: the HF model group (LAD ligation) and the sham operated group. GC-MS was used with pattern recognition technology and principal component analysis (PCA) to analyze the plasma samples at 4, 21 and 45 day after operation.ResultsIt was determined that the period from 7 to 28 days was the stable time window of ischemic heart failure with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome (QDBS), and the qi deficiency syndrome occurred at 1 to 4 days and 45 to 60 days after operation. The results exhibited 5 plasma metabolite changes in the same trend at 4 and 21 day after the LAD operation, 7 at 21 and 45 day, and 2 at 4 and 45 day. No metabolite showed the same change at all of the 3 time points. At day 21 (the QDBS syndrome time point) after operation, 4 plasma metabolites showed the same trends with the results of our previous study on patients with the blood stasis syndrome.ConclusionsThe syndrome diagnosis is reliable in the HF rat model in this study. Plasma metabolites can provide a basis for the evaluation of Chinese medicine syndrome animal models.

Metabolic profiling of aortic stenosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy identifies mechanistic contrasts in substrate utilization

“…Turer and co‐workers employed paired‐blood sampling to calculate that, following ischemia‐reperfusion, patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) have reduced FFA uptake from the blood compared to controls 41 . Yang and colleagues and Qiu and co‐workers using the coronary artery ligation, MI induced‐HF rat model, inferred alterations in FA biosynthesis and elongation from urinary metabolites, and noted an increase in long‐chain FAs in the blood, respectively 61,62 . Conversely, Lai and colleagues noted an increase in myocardial long‐chain acyl‐carnitine species and a decrease in L‐carnitine in mice with HF 56 .…”

Metabolic Profiling of Aortic Stenosis and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Identifies Mechanistic Contrasts in Substrate Utilisation

“…Turer and co-workers employed paired-blood sampling to calculate that, following ischaemia-reperfusion, patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) have reduced FFA uptake from the blood compared to controls(35). Yang and colleagues and Qiu and co­workers using the coronary artery ligation, MI induced-HF rat model, inferred alterations in FA biosynthesis and elongation from urinary metabolites and noted an increase in long-chain FAs in the blood, respectively(53, 54). Conversely, Lai and colleagues noted an increase in myocardial long-chain acyl-carnitine species and a decrease in L-carnitine in mice with HF(48).…”

Metabolomics and a Breath Sensor Identify Acetone as a Biomarker for Heart Failure

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