Plasma Methods of Obtainment of Multifunctional Composite Materials, Dispersion-Hardened by Nanoparticles

Abstract

High voltage electric discharge (HVED) in disperse system “hydrocarbon liquid – powder” due to impact of plasma discharge channel, electromagnetic fields, shock waves mechanical impact, hydro flows and volume microcavitation leads to synthesis of nanocarbon, metal powders dispersion and synthesis of micro- (from 10−6 to 10−7 m) and nanosized (from 10−7 to 10−9 m) composite powders of hardening phases. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) of powder mixtures allows targeted control of grain growth rate and thus allows obtainment of multifunctional composite materials dispersion hardened by nanoparticles. Processes of HVED synthesis of micro- and nanosized powders of new compositions from elemental metal powders and their mixtures with the subsequent application of high-speed SPS of obtained powders create conditions for increase of strength (by 10–20 %), hardness and wear-resistance (by 30–60 %) of obtained materials.

Study of thermal stability and energy of activation of epoxy composites with particles of synthesised powder mixture for increasing reliability of vehicles

“…Powder mixture of Fe (75%) + Ti (25%) initial mass composition was used as the initial material for filler synthesis. During HVED-synthesis, stored energy of single discharge (W1) was 1 kJ, while specific integral treatment energy (Wsp) was 25 MJ/kg [19][20][21][22]. The mean diameter of the initial powder mixture before HVED treatment was 45 µm while 90% of particles had a size higher than 10 µm.…”

Influence of Carbon and Scandium on Structure of Metastable Al$_3$Mg Phase and Properties of SPS-Composites

“…Consolidation of the MA powder is performed by the SPS technique on the 'Gefest-10' homemade experimental device, constructed at the Institute of Pulse Processes and Technologies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Before the sintering, we put 3 g of the powder into the cylindrical graphite crucible (made of MPG-6 graphite [26]) of 10 mm in inner diameter. The sintering temperature (500 and 600°C), the value of pre-pressing pressure (∼ 30 MPa), and the sintering pressure (∼45 MPa) are the same in all experiments.…”

Electric discharge method of synthesis of carbon and metal–carbon nanomaterials

“…Thus, during EDT of metal powders in organic liquids, simultaneous grinding and mixing of powders can be achieved, as well as the synthesis of nanosized metal carbides. However, further development of the method is possible only after solving a number of issues related to the control of percentage of components of the resulting product and ensuring the stability of the process [8,16], which is possible only after studying the physical processes that occur during EDT of disperse systems.…”

“…The possibility of the usage of high-voltage electric discharge treatment (EDT) method of metal powders in organic liquids aimed at their dispersion and change of their phase composition, namely, the synthesis of metal carbides, was shown in [8][9][10]. The characteristic feature of this method is the multifactoriality of treatment [8], which includes thermal impact of low-temperature plasma of discharge channel and hydrodynamic impact on processed medium. Energy cost of CNM synthesis using the EDT method is ∼10 MJ/kg, which is less than the energy cost of most CNM synthesized by CVD.…”