Plasma-oxidation of Ge(100) surfaces using dielectric barrier discharge investigated by metastable induced electron spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Wegewitz, Lienhard; Dahle, Sebastian; Höfft, Oliver; Voigts, F.; Viöl, Wolfgang; Endres, Frank; Maus‐Friedrichs, W.

doi:10.1063/1.3611416

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…A comparable effect of oxygen enrichment was shown in the work of L. Wegewitz et al. after plasma‐induced oxidation of germanium and by L. Klarhöfer et al. after plasma treatment of lignin and cellulose .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

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Electron spectroscopic analysis of the human lipid skin barrier: cold atmospheric plasma‐induced changes in lipid composition

Marschewski

Hirschberg

Omairi

et al. 2012

Experimental Dermatology

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The lipids of the stratum corneum comprise the most important components of the skin barrier. In patients with ichthyoses or atopic dermatitis, the composition of the skin barrier lipids is disturbed resulting in dry, scaly, itching erythematous skin. Using the latest X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) technology, we investigated the physiological skin lipid composition of human skin and the effects of cold atmospheric plasma treatment on the lipid composition. Skin lipids were stripped off forearms of six healthy volunteers using the cyanoacrylate glue technique, plasma treated or not and then subjected to detailed XPS analysis. We found that the human lipid skin barrier consisted of 84.4% carbon (+1.3 SEM%), 10.8% oxygen (+1.0 SEM%) and 4.8% nitrogen (+0.3 SEM%). The composition of physiological skin lipids was not different in males and females. Plasma treatment resulted in significant changes in skin barrier lipid stoichiometry. The total carbon amount was reduced to 76.7%, and the oxygen amount increased to 16.5%. There was also a slight increase in nitrogen to 6.8%. These changes could be attributed to reduced C-C bonds and increased C-O, C=O, C-N and N-C-O bonds. The moderate increase in nitrogen was caused by an increase in C-N and N-C-O bonds. Our results show for the first time that plasma treatment leads to considerable changes in the human skin lipid barrier. Our proof of principle investigations established the technical means to analyse, if plasma-induced skin lipid barrier changes may be beneficial in the treatment of ichthyotic or eczematous skin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…An integration of nitrogen from outside due to plasma discharge can be excluded as referenced by L. Wegewitz et al. .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron spectroscopic analysis of the human lipid skin barrier: cold atmospheric plasma‐induced changes in lipid composition

Marschewski

Hirschberg

Omairi

et al. 2012

Experimental Dermatology

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“…The plasma source is mounted to the preparation chamber mentioned above and has been described elsewhere. 40 An alternating high voltage pulse generator with a pulse duration of t p ¼ 0.6 ls and a pulse repetition rate of 10 kHz is connected to the dielectric isolated electrode, while the sample forms the grounded counter electrode. The discharge gap is set to about d ¼ 1 mm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver nano particle formation on Ar plasma – treated cinnamyl alcohol

Dahle

Marschewski

Wegewitz

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physics

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Articles you may be interested inSilver nano-entities through ultrafast double ablation in aqueous media for surface enhanced Raman scattering and photonics applications Detection of organic vapors by graphene films functionalized with metallic nanoparticles Molecular orientation and electronic structure of 11,11,12,12-tetracyanonaphtho-2,6-quinodimethane vacuumdeposited on metal substrates: Charge transfer, complexation, and potassium doping J. Appl. Phys. 105, 023703 (2009); 10.1063/1.3055812Photoelectron spectroscopy study of metallic nanocluster arrangement at the surface of reactively sputtered amorphous hydrogenated carbon Metastable induced electron spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy are employed to study the adsorption of silver on cinnamyl alcohol films prepared on Au(111) substrates by thermal evaporation. Additionally, the impact of an Ar atmosphere dielectric barrier discharge plasma applied to the cinnamyl alcohol film preliminary to the Ag adsorption is investigated. In both cases silver nano particles with an average diameter of 9 nm are formed. These particles do not interact chemically with the underlying cinnamyl alcohol film. We do not find any influence of the preliminary Ar plasma-treatment on the adsorption behavior at all.

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“…Shift in peak positions is generally toward higher BE when the oxidation state of the element increases and the BE increases linearly with an increase in the number of nearest oxygen atoms around Ge . Previous assignments of germanium oxidation states have been proposed by Asahi et al for a sodium germanosilicate glass, in which an energy difference of ~3.1 eV was observed between the Ge 0 and Ge 4+ oxidation states …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…82 Previous assignments of germanium oxidation states have been proposed by Asahi et al 76 for a sodium germanosilicate glass, in which an energy difference of~3.1 eV was observed between the Ge 0 and Ge 4+ oxidation states. 83 On other hand, a shift toward lower BE of Ge 3d has been found for sodium iron germanate glasses, in which Ge coordination changes from quartz-like GeO 2 (fourfold coordinated Ge) to rutile-like GeO 2 (sixfold coordinated Ge) state. 74 However, the former case, in which the BE shifts toward higher values with increasing coordination number, seems more plausible, given that an octahedral configuration entails more and longer Ge-BOs bonds compared to GeO 4 tetrahedra, 51 with higher bond ionicity, 84 and thus higher BE for sixfold compared to fourfold coordinated germanium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural impact of nitrogen incorporation on properties of alkali germanophosphate glasses

et al. 2018

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The structure, atomic packing density, calorimetric glass transition, and hardness of mixed sodium–lithium germanophosphate oxynitride glasses with varying Ge/P and N/P ratios were investigated. The combined influences of nitridation and mixed network former effect (MNFE) on the glass structure were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Evidence for the existence of germanium in a higher coordination state, i.e., five‐ or sixfold coordination, was obtained by performing XPS analysis of the oxide glasses, with indication of conversion to tetrahedral coordination upon nitridation. Raman spectroscopy measurements implied that the germanate network was modified upon nitridation, including the removal of ring‐like germanate structures and P–O–Ge mixed linkages. The partial anionic N‐for‐O substitution gave rise to the linear dependence of the glass transition temperature (Tg) and hardness (HV) on nitrogen content (expressed as N/P ratio), especially for lower Ge/P ratio. However, nitridation also caused an unexpected increase in liquid fragility and decrease in density. This suggests that the governing structural parameter for property evolution in such LiNaGePON glasses is not only the increased degree of cross‐linking of the phosphate chains, but rather the short‐ and intermediate‐range structural modifications within the germanate component of the oxynitride glasses.

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Plasma-oxidation of Ge(100) surfaces using dielectric barrier discharge investigated by metastable induced electron spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Cited by 15 publications

References 49 publications

Electron spectroscopic analysis of the human lipid skin barrier: cold atmospheric plasma‐induced changes in lipid composition

Electron spectroscopic analysis of the human lipid skin barrier: cold atmospheric plasma‐induced changes in lipid composition

Silver nano particle formation on Ar plasma – treated cinnamyl alcohol

Structural impact of nitrogen incorporation on properties of alkali germanophosphate glasses

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