Plasma Physics via Computer Simulation

Birdsall, C.K.; Langdon, A. B.

doi:10.1201/9781315275048

Cited by 1,113 publications

(294 citation statements)

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“…Particle-in-cell simulations are a standard numerical technique to investigate laser-plasma interaction [71,72]. For our 3D simulations we relied on the open source, massively parallel piccante code [73].…”

Section: Particle-in-cell Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced laser-driven hadron sources with nanostructured double-layer targets

et al. 2020

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Laser-driven ion sources are approaching the requirements for several applications in materials and nuclear science. Relying on compact, table-top, femtosecond laser systems is pivotal to enable most of these applications. However, the moderate intensity of these systems (I10 19 W cm −2 ) could lead to insufficient energy and total charge of the accelerated ions. The use of solid foils coated with a nanostructured near-critical layer is emerging as a promising targeted solution to enhance the energy and the total charge of the accelerated ions. For an appropriate theoretical understanding of this acceleration scheme, a realistic description of the nanostructure is essential, also to precisely assess its role in the physical processes at play. Here, by means of 3D particle-in-cell simulations, we investigate ion acceleration in this scenario, assessing the role of different realistic nanostructure morphologies, such as fractal-like foams and nanowire forests. With respect to a simple flat foil, the presence of a nanostructure allows for up to a×3 increase of the maximum ion energy and for a significant increase of the conversion efficiency of laser energy into ion kinetic energy. Simulations show also that the details of the nanostructure morphology affect both the maximum energy of the ions and their angular distribution. Furthermore, combined 3D particle-in-cell and Monte Carlo simulations show that if accelerated ions are used for neutron generation with a beryllium converter, double-layer nanostructured targets allow to greatly enhance the neutron yield. These results suggest that nanostructured double-layer targets could be an essential component to enable applications of hadron sources driven by compact, table-top lasers. feasibility of laser-driven ion beam analysis for non-destructive materials characterization. Laser-driven ion sources have been considered to test electronic components in a harsh radiation environment [18], for thermal stress testing [19], to study ultra-fast dynamics in irradiated materials [20,21], and for materials synthesis [22,23]. Ultrashort pulsed neutron sources driven by laser-accelerated ions [24-32] have been investigated for applications such as fast neutron spectroscopy [33] and radiography [34].What make these applications particularly attractive are the requirements for the ion source. Energies of few MeVs are perfectly suitable for several ion beam analysis techniques [35] or to generate neutrons with a lithium [36] or beryllium [37] converter. Moreover, for selected applications, the inherently broad energy spectrum of a laser-driven ion source [2] is not detrimental [15,17] and could even be beneficial [18]. Maximum ion energies of ∼1 MeV have been recently demonstrated even with commercial, sub-terawatt laser systems [38]. These lasersystems are truly table-top and can operate at a high repetition rate (kiloHertz). Relying on these systems could make laser-driven ion sources portable and competitive with conventional accelerators, paving the way for their widesprea...

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Section: Particle-in-cell Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced laser-driven hadron sources with nanostructured double-layer targets

et al. 2020

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“…Lagrangian methods have been widely applied to the simulation of sprays stemming from fuel injection [40,75,1,2] and to particle-laden flows [28,57,66,67]. Lagrangian methods are also applied to the simulation of charged particles in plasmas, the reader being referred to Birdsall and Langdon's monograph [12]. In the case of particle-laden flows, DSMC is considered as a reference method to solve the transport operator and is used to validate velocity closures [29,72,91].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A semi-Lagrangian transport method for kinetic problems with application to dense-to-dilute polydisperse reacting spray flows

Doisneau

Arienti

Oefelein

2017

Journal of Computational Physics

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For sprays, as described by a kinetic disperse phase model strongly coupled to the Navier-Stokes equations, the resolution strategy is constrained by accuracy objectives, robustness needs, and the computing architecture. In order to leverage the good properties of the Eulerian formalism, we introduce a deterministic particle-based numerical method to solve transport in physical space, which is simple to adapt to the many types of closures and moment systems. The method is inspired by the semi-Lagrangian schemes, developed for Gas Dynamics. We show how semi-Lagrangian formulations are relevant for a disperse phase far from equilibrium and where the particle-particle coupling barely influences the transport; i.e., when particle pressure is negligible. The particle behavior is indeed close to free streaming. The new method uses the assumption of parcel transport and avoids to compute fluxes and their limiters, which makes it robust. It is a deterministic resolution method so that it does not require efforts on statistical convergence, noise control, or post-processing. All couplings are done among data under the form of Eulerian fields, which allows one to use efficient algorithms and to anticipate the computational load. This makes the method both accurate and efficient in the context of parallel computing. After a complete verification of the new transport method on various academic test cases, we demonstrate the overall strategy's ability to solve a strongly-coupled liquid jet with fine spatial resolution and we apply it to the case of high-fidelity Large Eddy Simulation of a dense spray flow. A fuel spray is simulated after atomization at Diesel engine combustion chamber conditions. The large, parallel, strongly coupled computation proves the efficiency of the method for dense, polydisperse, reacting spray flows.

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“…Hatree and Boris found a good physical interpretation of the steps in this explicit procedure: [1] Half an electric acceleration:…”

Section: Particle Updatementioning

confidence: 94%

“…In the code, single-indexed arrays are converted automatically to the triple-indexed arrays when they passed over two subroutines. Converting a serial Fortran program to a HPF program, we have to stress two points that are very important for rewriting TRISTAN in HPF: [1] The "COMMON" statement is restricted as suggested by pgHPF user guide and there they indicated 'We strongly recommended that programmers writing new F90 code use features like "MODULE"... to avoid the use of "COMMON"...' (Koelbel, et al, 1994, Foster, 1995, in case of data overlapping, and substituted it by "MODULE" block; [2] To control the communications, all the arrays are treated as fixed indexes throughout the whole program. We control the communication parts using both the "field manager" and "particle manager" (Decyk, 1995).…”

Section: Bx(i J K) By(i J K) Bz(i J K)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here the communications are required after updating the field data every time step. In the field manager (Decyk, 1995), the data sent to the neighbor processors are packed in the working arrays: Cex(1, j, k, Np), Cey (1,j,k,Np), and Cez(1, j, k, Np), before they are sent to the neighbor subdomains. Thus the field data communications are performed by the pgHPF CSHIF T construct after the data are packed in the working arrays.…”

Section: Real Dimension(nx J K N P) :: Bx By Bzmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parallel 3-D Electromagnetic Particle Code Using High Performance FORTRAN: Parallel TRISTAN

Cai

Nishikawa

et al.

Lecture Notes in Physics

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Abstract.A three-dimensional full electromagnetic particle-in-cell (PIC ) code, TRIS-TAN (Tridimensional Stanford) code, has been parallelized using High Performance Fortran (HPF) as a RPM (Real Parallel Machine). In the parallelized HPF code, the simulation domain is decomposed in one-dimension, and both the particle and field data located in each domain that we call the sub-domain are distributed on each processor. Both the particle and field data on a sub-domain are needed by the neighbor sub-domains and thus communications between the sub-domains are inevitable. Our simulation results using HPF exhibit the promising applicability of the HPF communications to a large scale scientific computing such as solar wind-magnetosphere interactions.

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Plasma Physics via Computer Simulation

Cited by 1,113 publications

References 0 publications

Enhanced laser-driven hadron sources with nanostructured double-layer targets

Enhanced laser-driven hadron sources with nanostructured double-layer targets

A semi-Lagrangian transport method for kinetic problems with application to dense-to-dilute polydisperse reacting spray flows

Parallel 3-D Electromagnetic Particle Code Using High Performance FORTRAN: Parallel TRISTAN

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