Plasma Polymer Deposition and Coatings on Polymers

Hegemann, Dirk

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-096532-1.00426-x

Cited by 37 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Likewise, the deposited (transferred) momentum during film growth can be given by

π_{s u r f} = \sqrt{2 m_{normali}} \sqrt{E_{normali}} \frac{{normalΓ}_{normali}}{R} = \sqrt{2} \sqrt{E_{normali}} \frac{n_{0} \sqrt{k T_{normale}}}{R} \cos θ

with the average ion mass m i (which is crossed out in the right hand side of Equation (5)) and the factor cos θ considering collisions (which is roughly 0.2 for CO 2 /C 2 H 4 discharges at 10 Pa) . Note that an additional factor of up to two might be used when bouncing particles (ions) are considered which keep part of their energy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…For all data sets examined, the same slope of the Arrhenius regime can now be observed (Figure b), i.e., the plasma polymer film depositions indeed follow the same plasma chemical reaction pathway. As it was discussed in previous papers, the mass deposition rate R m within the Arrhenius regime can be described by

R_{normalm} = \frac{F_{normalm}}{A_{d e p}} G^{'} \exp true(- \frac{ϵ_{normala}}{ϵ_{p l}} true),

where A dep is the deposition area (electrode size), ϵ a is the (apparent) activation energy, and G′ is the reactor‐dependent factor comprising the sticking probability, the molecular mass of the film‐forming species, and the energy transfer efficiency (which depends on the plasma source and the size of the reactor, i.e., on the electron energy distribution function) …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The external parameters, (nominal) power input W and monomer gas flow rate F m , can then be related to the internal energy input into the plasma by a reactor‐dependent factor r pl

ϵ_{p l} = {\frac{W}{F_{m}} |}_{p l} = \frac{W}{F_{normalm}} r_{p l}

with

r_{p l} = \frac{W_{a b s}}{W} \frac{d_{a c t}}{d_{g a s}}

for the considered reactor configurations. W abs is the absorbed power in the plasma, d act is the plasma length, and d gas the distance traveled by the species through the plasma towards the substrate …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Deposition of Functional Plasma Polymers Influenced by Reactor Geometry in Capacitively Coupled Discharges

Hegemann

Michlíček

Blanchard

et al. 2015

Plasma Process. Polym.

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The deposition of functional plasma polymers such as a‐C:H:O films is mainly influenced by fragmentation of the parent molecules in the gas phase as well as by the energetic conditions during film growth at the surface. The influence of gas phase and surface processes on the a‐C:H:O film properties was thus investigated in order to optimize cross‐linking and functional group density. The control of both conditions enables permanent functional plasma polymer films deposited within different reactor geometries (capacitively coupled symmetric vs. asymmetric at driven electrode and at grounded electrode). Comparison and up‐scaling of such plasma polymerization processes are facilitated by knowing the internal energy input into the plasma and into the growing film surface.

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“…Likewise, the deposited (transferred) momentum during film growth can be given by

π_{s u r f} = \sqrt{2 m_{normali}} \sqrt{E_{normali}} \frac{{normalΓ}_{normali}}{R} = \sqrt{2} \sqrt{E_{normali}} \frac{n_{0} \sqrt{k T_{normale}}}{R} \cos θ

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

R_{normalm} = \frac{F_{normalm}}{A_{d e p}} G^{'} \exp true(- \frac{ϵ_{normala}}{ϵ_{p l}} true),

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The external parameters, (nominal) power input W and monomer gas flow rate F m , can then be related to the internal energy input into the plasma by a reactor‐dependent factor r pl

ϵ_{p l} = {\frac{W}{F_{m}} |}_{p l} = \frac{W}{F_{normalm}} r_{p l}

with

r_{p l} = \frac{W_{a b s}}{W} \frac{d_{a c t}}{d_{g a s}}

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Deposition of Functional Plasma Polymers Influenced by Reactor Geometry in Capacitively Coupled Discharges

Hegemann

Michlíček

Blanchard

et al. 2015

Plasma Process. Polym.

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show abstract

“…Khatir et al [2] used inductively coupled plasma-assisted sputtering to deposit Diamond-like carbon (DLC) on polymer substrates to enhance chemical and electrical properties. Hegemann [3] has recently reported plasma polymer coatings on polymer materials. Similarly, Abbas et al [4] and Ogino et al [5] had improved the gas barrier properties by depositing DLC coating on polymer substrates using plasma chemical vapor deposition technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of diamond-like-carbon coated abaca-reinforced polyester composites for hydrophobic and outdoor structural applications

et al. 2015

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This study presents the development of abaca fabric-reinforced polyester composites for outdoor applications having hydrophobic surface quality and enhanced mechanical properties. Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings of 20-135 nm was deposited without interlayer, directly on 2.5-mm thick abaca/ polyester composites using filtered cathode vacuum arc system. Before film deposition, the substrate plasma etching was performed for better film adhesion. Microstructural studies include Raman Spectroscopy that confirms the formation of DLC structure with higher graphitic contents; Scanning Electron Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy for observation of coating coverage, surface roughness, and topography, respectively. Contact angle measurement was conducted to investigate surface wettability. After achieving hydrophobic surface quality from 76°to 98°, the research was extended to get better structural properties. The nanohardness of uncoated polymers was enhanced from 536 to 2513 MPa by introducing 150-nm Ti interlayer while keeping the same hydrophobic properties. Detailed tribological studies were carried out to understand wear behavior of uncoated and DLC-coated polymer composites with and without interlayer effects.

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“…The motivation for the current work is to propose and validate a model that correlates flowability factor with user‐set plasma parameters. Since the flowability increase experienced by a plasma‐modified powder is a consequence of a plasma‐coating deposition on its surface, we assume that the flowability‐factor ( ff ) increment is a function of the plasma mass deposition rate R , which is in turn a function of the plasma process parameters

f f - f f_{0} = f (R_{} (W, F, p, G))

where ff 0 is the flowability factor of the unprocessed powder, W is the plasma power, F is the monomer molar flow rate into the plasma, p is the plasma pressure, and G is a factor that accounts for reactor geometry and monomer conversion into deposit products …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying the Macroscopic Kinetic Approach to Plasma Polymerization to the Plasma Surface Modification of Micropowders: Attempt of Correlating Powder Flowability and Plasma Process Parameters

Giampietro

Roth

Gulas

et al. 2015

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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The flowability of micropowders can be improved by depositing a non‐continuous coating on the micropowder surface, which reduces the interparticle van der Waals forces causing cohesion of the native powder. Such a coating can be achieved via a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition in a tubular, inductively‐coupled RF glow‐discharge‐plasma reactor fed by plasma‐polymerizable gases. Here we systematically study the influence of user‐set plasma parameters of feed gas flow rate and plasma power on the resulting powder flowability. We find a quasi‐Arrhenius relation between flowability factor and energy delivered per mass of monomer W/FM. These findings demonstrate that flowability measurements can be used to study the plasma polymerization processes and as a metric to assess surface coatings of powders that are otherwise difficult to characterize by standard metrologies.

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Plasma Polymer Deposition and Coatings on Polymers

Cited by 37 publications

References 110 publications

Deposition of Functional Plasma Polymers Influenced by Reactor Geometry in Capacitively Coupled Discharges

Deposition of Functional Plasma Polymers Influenced by Reactor Geometry in Capacitively Coupled Discharges

Development of diamond-like-carbon coated abaca-reinforced polyester composites for hydrophobic and outdoor structural applications

Applying the Macroscopic Kinetic Approach to Plasma Polymerization to the Plasma Surface Modification of Micropowders: Attempt of Correlating Powder Flowability and Plasma Process Parameters

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