Plasma processing of municipal solid waste

Leal-Quiros, Edbertho

doi:10.1590/s0103-97332004000800015

Cited by 65 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The treatment of hazardous wastes using plasma is recognized around the world as being highly efficient and it has been used for the elimination or transformation of various types of residues, such as municipal wastes (Gomez et al, 2009;Park and Heo, 2002;Haugsten and Gustavson, 2000;Chu et al, 1998;Kato et al, 2001;Leal-Quir os, 2004), incinerator ash (Yang et al, 2010;Cheng et al, 2002Cheng et al, , 2007, galvanic sludge (Cubas et al, 2014), oily sludges produced by refineries (Silva et al, 2011) and even sludge generated during effluent treatment. In all cases the pyrolyzed material is inert and can be incorporated into concrete or transformed into other materials of high added value, such as fiberglass and carbon black (Kuorti et al, 2011;Kuo et al, 2008).…”

Section: Thermal Plasma Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Final treatment of spent batteries by thermal plasma

Cubas

Machado

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Management

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Section: Thermal Plasma Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Final treatment of spent batteries by thermal plasma

Cubas

Machado

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Management

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“…The cathode lies within the torch and the anode outside the torch, at the place where the material to be inerted is deposited. 26 The efficiency of the elimination of residues by thermal plasma is recognized worldwide and the application of this technology to deal with several types of wastes is extensively reported in the literature, including municipal residues, [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] incinerator ash, [34][35][36] galvanic sludge, 29,37 oily sludge produced by refineries, 38 and sludge generated during effluent treatment, hazardous residues, 39 and gases. 40, 41 In many studies, the inert material obtained after undergoing the thermal plasma is transformed into other materials with added value, such as fiberglass and carbon black.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of thermal plasma for inertization of sludge produced during treatment of landfill leachate

et al. 2016

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One of the outstanding issues of concern by governments and society in general relates to the final destination of solid waste, which can bring severe impacts on social, political, economic and environmental dimensions. The sustainable development of enterprises and industries goes for the care of the planet, thus ensuring the quality of life for future generations and the planet. The disposal of municipal waste in landfills is the technique most commonly employed for the remediation of solid residues. The residues undergo decomposition beneath the soil and in the presence of water this generates leachate, which percolates down to the bottom of the landfill through drainage. This drained liquid is collected from the landfill installations and subjected to treatment, which involves physico-chemical and biological processes. Landfill leachate commonly contains heavy metals due to the incorrect disposal of products such as fluorescent bulbs and batteries. In this context, a method for the treatment of sludge originating from the physicochemical remediation of leachate using thermal plasma is proposed in this paper. The efficiency of the method was verified by monitoring the total organic carbon content, water content and density of the sludge. The quantity of metals present in the samples was determined before and after pyrolysis by thermal plasma using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry techniques. The results show that the leachate treatment method used was efficient, presenting the best results for the samples of iron and zinc.

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“…When the microwave irradiation was turned on, an electric field formed in the reactor and Ar atoms became electrically polarized by the electric field. Since the microwave power was sufficient to generate electrical breakdown, avalanching ionization occurred by chains of collisions between the electrons and the gaseous atoms to generate plasma ( figure 4(a)) [20]. When the microwaves directly irradiated the Fe thin-film coated substrate, eddy currents were generated on the surface of the Fe thin film [19,21].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turning refuse plastic into multi-walled carbon nanotube forest

Lee

Jung

et al. 2012

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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A novel and effective method was devised for synthesizing a vertically aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) forest on a substrate using waste plastic obtained from commercially available water bottles. The advantages of the proposed method are the speed of processing and the use of waste as a raw material. A mechanism for the CNT growth was also proposed. The growth rate of the CNT forest was ∼2.5 µm min −1 . Transmission electron microscopy images indicated that the outer diameters of the CNTs were 20-30 nm on average. The intensity ratio of the G and D Raman bands was 1.27 for the vertically aligned CNT forest. The Raman spectrum showed that the wall graphitization of the CNTs, synthesized via the proposed method was slightly higher than that of commercially available multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). We expect that the proposed method can be easily adapted to the disposal of other refuse materials and applied to MWCNT production industries.

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Plasma processing of municipal solid waste

Cited by 65 publications

References 3 publications

Final treatment of spent batteries by thermal plasma

Final treatment of spent batteries by thermal plasma

Application of thermal plasma for inertization of sludge produced during treatment of landfill leachate

Turning refuse plastic into multi-walled carbon nanotube forest

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