Plasma–surface interaction in ITER

Kleyn, Aart W.; Koppers, W.R.; Cardozo, Niek Lopes

doi:10.1016/j.vacuum.2006.02.019

Cited by 32 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…21,62 The sp 2 to sp 3 ratio is estimated to be around 0.52. 63 With a density of 1:7 Â 10 6 g/m 3 , an atomic content of 30% hydrogen and 70% carbon, the total number of atoms # in a 1 lm thick film is estimated to be 7 Â 10 19 . For a given etch rate ER in nm/min (Sec.…”

Section: Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…How these layers and the wall in general behave under the plasma conditions expected in ITER remains an open question. 3 In particular, plasma etching of carbon with an ion energy in between thermal energy and 10 eV has not yet been fully investigated. 10 Previous studies of carbon etching -with ion energies between 10 eV and 5 keV -have established several etch mechanisms in literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synergistic etch rates during low-energetic plasma etching of hydrogenated amorphous carbon

Hansen

Weber

Colsters

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physics

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The etch mechanisms of hydrogenated amorphous carbon thin films in low-energetic (<2 eV) high flux plasmas are investigated with spectroscopic ellipsometry. The results indicate a synergistic effect for the etch rate between argon ions and atomic hydrogen, even at these extremely low kinetic energies. Ion-assisted chemical sputtering is the primary etch mechanism in both Ar/H2 and pure H2 plasmas, although a contribution of swift chemical sputtering to the total etch rate is not excluded. Furthermore, ions determine to a large extent the surface morphology during plasma etching. A high influx of ions enhances the etch rate and limits the surface roughness, whereas a low ion flux promotes graphitization and leads to a large surface roughness (up to 60 nm).

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Section: Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic etch rates during low-energetic plasma etching of hydrogenated amorphous carbon

Hansen

Weber

Colsters

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…In future fusion reactors, tungsten (W) used as a target of the divertor will be exposed to severe conditions: high heat loads and light particles bombardment [1,2]. Study of the W behavior when exposed to these fluxes is necessary to estimate the lifetime of these fusion reactor components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substrate temperature and ion kinetic energy effects on first steps of He+ implantation in tungsten: Experiments and simulations

et al. 2017

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“…This linear machine, Magnum-PSI, consists of a series of vacuum chambers with on one end the plasma source and on the other the target manipulator [1,2]. The plasma is magnetized by an axial magnetic field and is transported from the source to the target.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Software architecture for control and data acquisition of linear plasma generator Magnum-PSI

Groen¹,

Beveren²,

Broekema³

et al. 2013

Fusion Engineering and Design

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The FOM Institute DIFFER -Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research has completed the construction phase of Magnum-PSI, a magnetized, steady-state, large area, high-flux linear plasma beam generator to study plasma surface interactions under ITER divertor conditions. Magnum-PSI consists of several hardware subsystems, and a variety of diagnostic systems. The COntrol, Data Acquisition and Communication (CODAC) system integrates these subsystems and provides a complete interface for the Magnum-PSI users. Integrating it all, from the lowest hardware level of sensors and actuators, via the level of networked PLCs and computer systems, up to functions and classes in programming languages, demands a sound and modular software architecture, which is extendable and scalable for future changes. This paper describes this architecture, and the modular design of the software subsystems. The design is implemented in the CODAC system at the level of services and subsystems (the overall software architecture), as well as internally in the software subsystems.

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Plasma–surface interaction in ITER

Cited by 32 publications

References 30 publications

Synergistic etch rates during low-energetic plasma etching of hydrogenated amorphous carbon

Synergistic etch rates during low-energetic plasma etching of hydrogenated amorphous carbon

Substrate temperature and ion kinetic energy effects on first steps of He+ implantation in tungsten: Experiments and simulations

Software architecture for control and data acquisition of linear plasma generator Magnum-PSI

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