Plasma Treatment of Wood–Plastic Composites to Enhance Their Adhesion Properties

Wolkenhauer, Arndt; Avramidis, Georg; Hauswald, Evelyn; Militz, Holger; Viöl, Wolfgang

doi:10.1163/156856108x332543

Cited by 70 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…4 are shown in Table 5. The surface tension of the BPCs containing different amounts and sizes of the BC ranged from 30 mJ/m 2 to 40 mJ/m 2 , which were similar to the results reported by Wolkenhauer et al (2008). The surface tension decreased slightly when the BC content increased from 0% to 16%; the neat BPCs exhibited the highest surface tension.…”

Section: Contact Anglesupporting

confidence: 85%

The Effect of Bamboo Charcoal on Water Absorption, Contact Angle, and the Physical-Mechanical Properties of Bamboo/Low-Density Polyethylene Composites

Chen¹,

Zhang²,

Wang³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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The use of bamboo charcoal (BC) was investigated as a filler in bambooplastic composites (BPCs) to achieve improved water resistance, physical-mechanical properties, and reduced hydrophilicity. The influence of the BC content and size on the water absorption, contact angle, density, and mechanical properties of bamboo flour/low-density polyethylene (LDPE) composites was tested. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyse fractured and flat composite surfaces. The results indicated that the BC increased water resistance, achieving optimal results at 8% content. The BC particles that ranged in size from 60 to 100 mesh were more water-resistant than other sized BC. The water contact angle increased with an increase in the BC content or a decrease in the particle size. These results indicated that BC reduced the composite hydrophilicity and that the smaller BC particles improved this effect. The BC strongly connected with the LDPE composites, and the BC contents below 12% improved the flexural properties and increased the density of the BPCs. Also, the impact strength of the BPCs decreased dramatically with a decrease in the BC particle size. These results demonstrated that the integration of BC with BPCs resulted in strengthened water resistance and physical-mechanical properties and reduced hydrophilicity. Bamboo and Rattan and Technology of State Forestry Administration, Beijing, China, 100102; b: Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Wood Industry and Furniture Engineering, Chengdu, China, 611130; * Corresponding author: qindc@icbr.ac.cn Keywords INTRODUCTIONBamboo is an important natural resource that grows faster than trees and is stronger than wood (Jiang 2007). Bamboo-plastic composites (BPCs) are manufactured via hot pressing and extrusion or injection moulding using thermoplastics and bamboo instead of wood (Yeh et al. 2009;Wu et al. 2013). BPCs are widely used in decorations, outdoors, and as non-structural components of buildings (Xian et al. 2015) because they are biodegradable, renewable, and environmentally friendly materials (Zhou et al. 2015a). However, the interface between the polar, hydrophilic bamboo fibres and the non-polar, hydrophobic low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is weak, which leads to the formation of many gaps and pores between the two materials. This incompatibility results in poor mechanical properties and renders the composites vulnerable to water penetration and fungal attack (Hosseinihashemi et al. 2011;Mbarek et al. 2013). Bamboo fibre processing (Li et al. 2013) and coupling agent addition (Tran et al. 2013) are widely used PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLE bioresources.com Chen et al. (2016). "Bamboo/PE composites," BioResources 11(4), 9986-10001. 9987techniques for improving the compatibility of plant fibres and polymers. Another method of eliminating gaps is filler addition, which is a simple and low-cost way to effectively improve the composite morphology and mechanical properties. Nanofillers (Deka and Maji 2012), glass fibres (Zolfaghari et al. 2013), and carb...

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Section: Contact Anglesupporting

confidence: 85%

The Effect of Bamboo Charcoal on Water Absorption, Contact Angle, and the Physical-Mechanical Properties of Bamboo/Low-Density Polyethylene Composites

Chen¹,

Zhang²,

Wang³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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“…Unfortunately, the stability and ageing of the plasma treatment, as well as the durability of the bonding joint for plasma-treated composites, have been found to be poor. This is especially true for durable performance in a wet environment (Tahara et al 2003;Noeske et al 2004;Wolkenhauer et al 2008). In contrast, polyethylene WPCs that were sanded then coated with a coupling agent showed a high bonding strength and good durability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Surface Treatment of Wood Plastic Composites to Improve Adhesion

Zhou¹,

Guo²,

Yan³

et al. 2017

BioResources

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To improve the adhesion properties, the surfaces of polyethylene wood plastic composites (WPCs) were treated by a combination of sanding then coating with a silane coupling agent, followed by plasma discharge. The surface properties of polyethylene WPCs were studied by assessing the contact angle and bonding strength, as well as implementing Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicated that the roughness of the composites increased during the combined treatment, when compared with the untreated composites. The content of the oxygen elements on the surfaces of the combined treated composites also was found to increase. This indicated that there were polar groups formed, such as -OH, -C=O, and -O-C=O. The surface wettability of the composites improved after the combined treatment. At the same time, chemical bonding between the coupling agent and the wood fibers of the sanding-treated composites occurred. The surface properties of the polyethylene WPCs were changed by the combined treatment, which became favorable for adhesiveness. After the combined treatment, the shear strength and durability of the bonding joints of the composite increased significantly and displayed a synergistic effect from the surface treatment.

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“…Many surface treatment methods, such as flame treatment, water treatment, chromic acid treatment, oxyfluorination treatment, oxygen plasma treatment, and coupling agent coating treatment, are found in the present literature Oporto et al 2007;Laborie and Gupta 2008;Wolkenhauer et al 2008;Moghadamzadeh et al 2011;Sogutlu et al 2016;Sogutlu 2017). Besides the individual surface treatments mentioned, a combined treatment was also employed to treat the WPCs materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Surface Treatment of Polyethylene Wood-plastic Composites to Achieve Rapid Bonding with Desired Adhesion Properties

et al. 2017

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To achieve rapid bonding with desired adhesion properties, a combined treatment of sanding then coating with polyisocyanate, followed by plasma discharge was implemented on the surfaces of polyethylene wood-plastic composites (WPCs). The surface properties of polyethylene WPCs were studied by evaluating the contact angle and bonding strength, as well as analyzing it via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicated that the shear strength and durability of the bonding joints of polyethylene WPCs increased considerably due to the synergetic effect from the surface treatment. Thus, a rapid bonding with desired adhesion properties of polyethylene WPCs was achieved. The roughness and the oxygen content on the composites' surface increased after the combined treatment. Polar functional groups, such as -OH, -C=O, and -O-C=O, formed on the surface. At the same time, the presence of -NCO and -NH functionalities, generated during the combined treatment, showed that chemical bondings between polyisocyanate and the wood fibers of the composites occurred. The changes on the surface properties, such as roughness, wettability, as well as formation of chemical groups, substantially affected the adhesion properties of the bonding joint for polyethylene WPCs.

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Plasma Treatment of Wood–Plastic Composites to Enhance Their Adhesion Properties

Cited by 70 publications

References 22 publications

The Effect of Bamboo Charcoal on Water Absorption, Contact Angle, and the Physical-Mechanical Properties of Bamboo/Low-Density Polyethylene Composites

The Effect of Bamboo Charcoal on Water Absorption, Contact Angle, and the Physical-Mechanical Properties of Bamboo/Low-Density Polyethylene Composites

Combined Surface Treatment of Wood Plastic Composites to Improve Adhesion

Combined Surface Treatment of Polyethylene Wood-plastic Composites to Achieve Rapid Bonding with Desired Adhesion Properties

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