Plasma trough concentration distribution and safety of high‐dose teicoplanin for patients with augmented renal clearance

Abstract

What Is Known and Objective There are few reports on the distribution of the plasma trough concentration (Cmin) of teicoplanin in patients with augmented renal clearance (ARC) and on the safety of a high‐dose regimen (HD; 800 mg loading dose for q12h three times followed by an 800 mg qd maintenance dose). The objective of this study was to determine the Cmin values of teicoplanin in ARC patients using HD teicoplanin to provide a reference for individualized medication. Methods Data on patients treated with teicoplanin from January 2019 to January 2021 were collected retrospectively and divided into ARC (creatinine clearance rate [CCr] >130 ml/min, n = 22) and non‐ARC (60 ml/min ≤ CCr ≤130 ml/min, n = 24) groups. The Cmin values in the two patient groups were analysed during the HD and the low‐dose regimen (LD; all other regimens) on the third day of medication and during the dose maintenance period. Liver and kidney function indexes were also analysed before and after medication. Results and Discussions On the third day of the HD, Cmin did not differ significantly between the ARC and non‐ARC groups (17.3 ± 9.2 mg/L [mean ± SD] vs. 15.5 ± 7.9 mg/L, p = 0.663), while Cmin in the ARC group was significantly lower for the LD (6.8 ± 3.9 mg/L, p = 0.039). During the dose maintenance period, Cmin in the ARC group when receiving the HD (18.3 ± 5.1 mg/L) was significantly lower than that in the non‐ARC group (25.5 ± 11.9 mg/L, p = 0.016) and significantly higher than that for the LD (12.2 ± 6.3 mg/L, p = 0.022). Nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity incidence rates did not differ significantly between these groups. What Is New and Conclusion These results suggest that it is necessary to apply a loading dose of 800 mg (but not higher) q12h three times for patients with ARC, with 800 mg needed as a maintenance dose during severe infection, and 600 mg or 400 mg for mild infection.

Individualized antibiotic dosage regimens for patients with augmented renal clearance

“…A high dose might be one of the optional regimens. A loading dose of 800 mg q12h three times with a maintenance dose of 800 mg (severe infection) or 600/400 mg (mild infection) was employed for ARC patients ( Hu et al, 2022 ). The optimal dosing regimens for children with different renal functions were stimulated with the PK model and those with normal or augmented renal function recommended three loading doses of 12 mg/kg q12h, followed by a maintenance dose of 10 mg/kg quarter in die ( Gao et al, 2020 ).…”