Plasma viscosity: Evaluation of a new measuring method using microfluidic chip technology (microVisc™) for clinical use and determination of a new reference range

Abstract

Background Plasma viscosity is an important biomarker both in diagnostics and treatment monitoring of plasma cell dyscrasias and other disorders with hyperviscosity syndrome as a clinical manifestation. Here, we investigate the performance of a new microfluidic-based viscometer for clinical use, establish a new reference range to be used with this instrument and determine the importance of sampling temperature. Methods The microVisc™ viscometer was evaluated for within-run and between-run imprecision and bias using standardized reference material (Paragon controls) and Seronorm™ control material. The reference range was established for the adult population using EDTA-plasma from 120 healthy blood donors. Sampling temperature was investigated by drawing and transporting blood at room temperature and 37°C and comparing the viscosity between the two sampling methods. Results The microfluidic-based viscometer performed well, and imprecision was comparable to ReoRox® G2 free oscillation rheometer. A new reference range for the adult Danish population was established as 1.2–1.5 mPa s at 37°C. Furthermore, sampling temperature at room temperature and 37°C was investigated, and there was no difference in results obtained. Conclusions MicroVisc™ is suitable for measuring plasma viscosity in a clinical setting and results can be evaluated using the established reference range. Blood sampling for viscosity analysis can be performed as a standard procedure at room temperature.

The Molecular Size of Bioengineered Oxygen Carriers Determines Tissue Oxygenation in a Hypercholesterolemia Guinea Pig Model of Hemorrhagic Shock and Resuscitation

“…Effective resuscitation following hemorrhagic shock is a delicate combination of increasing the O 2 -carrying capacity and viscosity of blood . Furthermore, resuscitation fluid viscosity improves cardiac output and recovery of the microvasculature, thus enhancing O 2 delivery. , Guinea pig plasma has a viscosity of approximately 1.5 mPa·s, comparable to the reported human range of 1.2–1.5 mPa·s . In this study, 1 h after resuscitation, both diet groups that received PolyhHb-B4 had plasma viscosities ≥3 mPa·s while those that received PolyhHb-B3 showed a slight increase in viscosity relative to baseline to approximately 2 mPa·s.…”

“…55,56 Guinea pig plasma has a viscosity of approximately 1.5 mPa•s, 57 comparable to the reported human range of 1.2−1.5 mPa•s. 58 In this study, 1 h after resuscitation, both diet groups that received PolyhHb-B4 had plasma viscosities ≥3 mPa•s while those that received PolyhHb-B3 showed a slight increase in viscosity relative to baseline to approximately 2 mPa•s. Symptoms of elevated plasma viscosity, such as impaired blood flow, reduced microvascular circulation, and insufficient tissue perfusion, 59 as well as neurological dysfunction and mucosal bleeding typically occur above 4 mPa•s but may manifest at 3 mPa•s or above.…”

Investigation into the effect of the aspect ratio of cylindrical surface microstructure on von Willebrand factor damage

“…Plasma was specified to be incompressible Newtonian fluid with a dynamic viscosity of 1.5 mPa s and density of 1030 kg/m 3 in simulation. 18 The flow rate was set to 300 ml/min. Boundary conditions were imposed at the upper and lower boundaries of the custom tubing connector, which were set as the mass-flow inlet and pressureout outlet.…”