Plasmablastic lymphoma presenting as a ureteral polypoid mass

Abstract

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare and aggressive subtype of B-cell lymphoma, which occurs typically in the oral cavity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients. We report a case of a 44-year-old HIV-positive patient with a solitary polypoid mass of the left ureteropelvic junction, causing unilateral hydronephrosis and clinically mimicking urothelial carcinoma. A laparoscopic nephroureterectomy was performed, and pathological examinations revealed the mass as PBL. PBL can present in various forms, even as a polypoid mass of the upper urinary tract, and it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any mass detected in the HIV-positive patients.

Plasmablastic Lymphoma Presenting as Extensive Peritoneal and Retroperitoneal Nodules in an HIV-Positive Patient

“… 25 There was 1 case that presented as ureteral polypoid mass. 26 To our knowledge, there has only been 1 case where PBL presented in the bladder similar to how it presented in our case with hydronephrosis and acute kidney injury (AKI). 27 …”

“…25 There was 1 case that presented as ureteral polypoid mass. 26 To our knowledge, there has only been 1 case where PBL presented in the bladder similar to how it presented in our case with hydronephrosis and acute kidney injury (AKI). 27 Etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin (EPOCH) are used to treat PBL rather than cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) based on the results of a meta-analysis.…”

Acute kidney injury in an HIV patient with plasmablastic lymphoma – A double-edged sword

“…Kidney involvement by PBL in people living with HIV is rare with few case reports published. 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 Most have reported urinary tract obstruction, 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 with a single case report describing a LCCN. 13 In a large case series of 112 HIV positive patients who were diagnosed with PBL, none of the patients had renal involvement, 18 while in another smaller study that included 20 patients of whom 90% were diagnosed with Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) on kidney biopsy, none had the histological subtype of PBL.…”

Light chain cast nephropathy caused by plasmablastic lymphoma of the bladder

“…Atypical extra nodal distribution of PBL can occur as orbital, adrenal, pleuropulmonary, paraspinal, and gonadal involvement [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. PBL leading to hydronephrosis due to direct urinary tract involvement is exceedingly rare [ 8 , 24 , 25 ]. Only one prior case of bladder PBL has been reported to date [ 8 ].…”