Plasmaspheric electron content derived from GPS TEC and FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC measurements: Solar minimum condition

Cherniak, Iurii; Zakharenkova, Irina; Krankowski, Andrzej; Шагимуратов, И. И.

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2012.04.002

Cited by 53 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Therefore, we believe that small difference in the CODE GIM and JPL GIM will not significantly affect the final PEC extraction. Moreover, the PEC distributions and magnitudes (left and right column of Figures 6 and 7) do not differ significantly, and the results agree with previous studies using other methods and data [2,11,16,39]. This indicates that potential errors from CODE GIM and JPL GIM in our study will have a negligible impact on final PEC extraction.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…After subtracting the background systematic bias, we obtain Figure 6. As expected, the values are all positive, and the PEC distribution is in good agreement with the general plasmaspheric distribution investigated by other measurements and methods [2,11,12,16]. Hence, our proposed method for extracting PEC is suitable and reliable, and the systematic bias correction is reasonable.…”

Section: Data Processing and Analysissupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The plasmasphere electron content (PEC) is several orders less than the ionosphere electron content (IEC), but the contribution of PEC to the ionosphere can be significant [1,2]. The plasmasphere density distribution is determined by different physical mechanisms to those of the ionosphere, and the existence of the plasmasphere makes it difficult to interpret data from ionospheric measurements [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chong et al [14] investigated PEC from ISR and GPS observations at Millstone Hill, and showed that both PEC and its relative contribution exhibit diurnal variation patterns. Cherniak et al [2] estimated PEC (h > 700 km) from GPS TEC and COSMIC IEC values under solar minimum conditions (2009), and revealed that PEC varies minimally with time of day at mid-latitudes, and that PEC contributions show a clear dependence on time, with maximum values during night (>50-60%) and smaller values during day (approximately 25-45%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, the residuals of the comparisons are assumed to estimate PEC [2,[13][14][15][16]. For instance, Belehaki et al [13] extracted PEC from residuals between GPS-derived TEC and ground-based ionosonde IEC at Athens, showing that PEC exhibits a diurnal variation with a morning minimum and an evening maximum, and that PEC contribution describes the significance of the plasmasphere to the ionosphere, especially during the night.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasmaspheric Electron Content Inferred from Residuals between GNSS-Derived and TOPEX/JASON Vertical TEC Data

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The plasmasphere, which is located above the ionosphere, is a significant component of Earth's atmosphere, and the plasmasphere electron content (PEC) distribution is determined by different physical mechanisms to those of the ionosphere electron content (IEC). However, the observation for the PEC is very limited. In this study, we introduced a methodology (called zero assumption method, which is based on the assumption that PEC can reach zero) to extract the PEC over TOPEX/JASON (T/J) and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) overlapping areas. Results show that the daily systematic bias (T/J vertical TEC > GNSS-derived vertical TEC) for both low (2009) and high (2011) solar activity condition is consistent, and the systematic bias for JASON2 and JASON1 is different. We suggest that systematic biases predominantly arise from the sea state bias (SSB), especially the tracker bias. After removing the systematic bias, we extracted reliable PEC inferred from differences between GNSS-derived vertical TEC and T/J vertical TEC data. Finally, the characteristics of the plasmaspheric component distribution for different local times, latitudes, and seasons were investigated.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Data Processing and Analysissupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Plasmaspheric Electron Content Inferred from Residuals between GNSS-Derived and TOPEX/JASON Vertical TEC Data

et al. 2018

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Profiles of ionospheric storm‐enhanced density during the 17 March 2015 great storm

et al. 2016

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Ionospheric F2 region peak densities (NmF2) are expected to have a positive correlation with total electron content (TEC), and electron densities usually show an anticorrelation with electron temperatures near the ionospheric F2 peak. However, during the 17 March 2015 great storm, the observed TEC, NmF2, and electron temperatures of the storm‐enhanced density (SED) over Millstone Hill (42.6°N, 71.5°W, 72° dip angle) show a quiet different picture. Compared with the quiet time ionosphere, TEC, the F2 region electron density peak height (hmF2), and electron temperatures above ~220 km increased, but NmF2 decreased significantly within the SED. This SED occurred where there was a negative ionospheric storm effect near the F2 peak and below it, but a positive storm effect in the topside ionosphere. Thus, this SED event was a SED in TEC but not in NmF2. The very low ionospheric densities below the F2 peak resulted in a much reduced downward heat conduction for the electrons, trapping the heat in the topside in the presence of heat source above. This, in turn, increased the topside scale height so that even though electron densities at the F2 peak were depleted, TEC increased in the SED. The depletion in NmF2 was probably caused by an increase in the density of the molecular neutrals, resulting in enhanced recombination. In addition, the storm time topside ionospheric electron density profiles were much closer to diffusive equilibrium than the nonstorm time profiles, indicating less daytime plasma flow between the ionosphere and the plasmasphere.

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Longitudinal variation in the ionosphere‐plasmasphere system at the minimum of solar and geomagnetic activity: Investigation of temporal and latitudinal dependences

Клименко

Zakharenkova

et al. 2016

Radio Science

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We use the Global Self-consistent Model of the Thermosphere, Ionosphere and Protonosphere (GSM TIP) as the first-principle calculation of the physical system state, the quick-run ionospheric electron density model (NeQuick) as the climatology background, and the International Reference Ionosphere-based Real-Time Assimilative Model for a global view of the ionospheric weather during a quiet period of the December 2009 solstice. The model computations are compared to the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) radio occultation profiles, CHAMP and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment in situ densities, and GPS total electron content (TEC). It is shown that the plasma density in the ionosphere is generally larger in the American/Atlantic longitudinal sector at any local time. The high-latitude density enhancements are visible in the GSM TIP output at different altitudes but are not reproduced by the NeQuick empirical model. Given that observational data confirm an existence of the high-latitude areas where ionospheric densities are elevated in the altitude range between 300 and 480 km, we conclude that the N m F 2 maximum in the GSM TIP output can be trusted. Indeed, such high-latitude N m F 2 , ionospheric electron content, and TEC maxima in the American longitude sector form on the proper places as shown by the GSM TIP data, COSMIC and GPS observations. According to our results, the high-latitude maximum of N m F 2 (1) manifests itself only when the integration over LT or UT of the global maps for 22 December 2009 includes nighttime, i.e., supporting an argument of its close association with the Weddell Sea Anomaly, and (2) also appears in the N e distribution at altitudes above the F 2 peak.

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Plasmaspheric electron content derived from GPS TEC and FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC measurements: Solar minimum condition

Cited by 53 publications

References 19 publications

Plasmaspheric Electron Content Inferred from Residuals between GNSS-Derived and TOPEX/JASON Vertical TEC Data

Plasmaspheric Electron Content Inferred from Residuals between GNSS-Derived and TOPEX/JASON Vertical TEC Data

Profiles of ionospheric storm‐enhanced density during the 17 March 2015 great storm

Longitudinal variation in the ionosphere‐plasmasphere system at the minimum of solar and geomagnetic activity: Investigation of temporal and latitudinal dependences

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