Plasmid incompatibility.

Novick, Richard P.

doi:10.1128/mmbr.51.4.381-395.1987

Cited by 398 publications

(214 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The second segregation parameter is 7'p s or the rate at which heteroplasmid cells (cells with two different plasmids) are converted to homoplasmid cells by loss ofone plasmid type; this rate is high when two plasmids are incompatible. I estimated 7'p as follows (Nordstrom et al, 1980;Novick and Hoppensteadt, 1978;Novick, 1987). Broth was inoculated with 5 x 10 4 heteroplasmid cell ml", and the density of total cells and heteroplasmid cells was estimated hourly.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Transposable Elements: Conditions for Establishment in Bacterial Populations

Condit

1990

Evolution

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Abstract.-Previous theoretical studies have shown that bacterial transposons can become established in populations by infectious transfer, even if they reduce the fitness of their host cells. Conditions for the persistence of "parasitic" transposons are, however, restrictive: i) transposition must be replicative, rather than conservative; ii) the rate oftransposition must be greater than the loss in host fitness caused by the transposon; and iii) cells must exchange plasmids at rates greater than the fitness cost of the transposon.I sought to test the validity of the model underlying this theory by performing experiments with laboratory populations of the bacterium Escherichia coli, the conjugative plasmid R 100, and the transposons Tn3 and Tn5. A plasmid-borne transposon was introduced at low frequency into a population of bacteria carrying the same plasmid without the transposon in a habitat where the transposon offered no benefit to its host. The fate of the invading transposon was followed by tracking the various bacterial populations appearing in the cultures. Using independent estimates of the parameters of the model, predicted population changes were generated with numerical solutions of the model, and these were compared to experimental results.Plasmids transferred into new hosts as predicted by the model, and the resulting transconjugant populations either maintained a steady low density or rose slowly in abundance. Transposition appeared to play no role in population changes. Abundance ofall cell types fit theoretical predictions of a system with no transposition, despite evidence that transposition was taking place. This is exactly what the model predicted. It thus appears unlikely that deleterious or neutral transposons have much impact on the genetics of bacterial populations. This is consistent with the hypothesis that most bacterial transposons are not parasitic DNA, but rather invade and persist in populations by providing a fitness advantage to cells carrying them.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Transposable Elements: Conditions for Establishment in Bacterial Populations

Condit

1990

Evolution

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“…Therefore, selection pressures must exist to favour the horizontal spread of genetically different replicons. Indeed, a large scale of various genetically different replicons occurring in wild-type strains have been detected and operationally typed by determination of their size, and transfer and incompatibility properties [4,[9][10][11][12] (Table 1). 'Incompatibility' implies a phenotype of plasmids which is a result of their sophisticated replication control mechanisms.…”

Section: (2) Stable Maintenance and Autonomous Replication In The Hosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…'Incompatibility' implies a phenotype of plasmids which is a result of their sophisticated replication control mechanisms. These control mechanisms will only recognise related replicons (incompatible) and neglect unrelated replicons (compatible) [10]. Therefore, the typing of plasmids with respect to both establishment and segregational incompatibility reflects the various replication machineries [10].…”

Section: (2) Stable Maintenance and Autonomous Replication In The Hosmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spread of plasmids as a function of bacterial adaptability

TSCHAPE¹

1994

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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The horizontal spread of plasmids among natural bacterial populations serves as an evolutionary function for adaptation to the ups and downs in nature. Recent evolutionary challenges are the introduction of antibiotics and the creation of new environmental conditions in agriculture and medical care. As a consequence, surviving bacterial populations have acquired new genetic determinants which enable the colonisation and maintenance in distinct ecological niches. The acquisition of new genetic determinants can take place rather rapidly because of the plasmids' biology: their self-transferability and their ability to pick up genes. As an example of horizontal gene transfer, from an ecological and evolutionary viewpoint, the emergence of resistance to streptothricins (sat genes) is described.

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“…Rep-typing of extended E. faecalis strain collections has so far shown a dominance of pheromone-responsive plasmid (rep 8 17 ), pHTb (rep unique )], with vanA linked to Inc18-and pRUM-like plasmids in most cases. Vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis isolates belonging to major clonal complexes (CC2, CC9 and CC87) contained a lower diversity of plasmids, which were mostly associated with the narrow host pheromone-responsive pAD1 (rep 9 ) and Inc18-type (rep 1 and 2 ) plasmids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile genetic elements and their contribution to the emergence of antimicrobial resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium

Hegstad

Mikalsen

Coque

et al. 2010

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

305

226

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Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) including plasmids and transposons are pivotal in the dissemination and persistence of antimicrobial resistance in Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. Enterococcal MGEs have also been shown to be able to transfer resistance determinants to more pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Despite their importance, we have a limited knowledge about the prevalence, distribution and genetic content of specific MGEs in enterococcal populations. Molecular epidemiological studies of enterococcal MGEs have been hampered by the lack of standardized molecular typing methods and relevant genome information. This review focuses on recent developments in the detection of MGEs and their contribution to the spread of antimicrobial resistance in clinically relevant enterococci.

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Plasmid incompatibility.

Cited by 398 publications

References 69 publications

The Evolution of Transposable Elements: Conditions for Establishment in Bacterial Populations

The Evolution of Transposable Elements: Conditions for Establishment in Bacterial Populations

The spread of plasmids as a function of bacterial adaptability

Mobile genetic elements and their contribution to the emergence of antimicrobial resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium

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