Plasmid Profile Analysis and Curing of Multidrug-resistant Bacteria Isolated from Two Hospital Environments in Calabar Metropolis, Nigeria

Mbim, E; Mboto, C. I.; Edet, U. O.

doi:10.9734/ajmah/2016/28587

Cited by 10 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…and Klebsiella species. Similar studies by Mbiml et al [20] also revealed the resistance of each of S. aureus, E.…”

Section: Bacterial Isolatessupporting

confidence: 78%

“…and species. Similar studies by Mbiml et al [20] also revealed the resistance of each of aerogenes, P. aeruginosa and species to seven antibiotics, while species were resistant to eight antibiotics, strains were resistant to five antibiotics, while Enterococcus species and coagulase negative Staphylococci were each resistant to 3 antibiotics. Table 3 showed the percentage occurrence of MAR bacterial isolates from the biofilms of borehole and well water; of the 20 bacterial isolates, 106 (52.5%) were MAR isolates with the highest percentage (63.4 from the biofilms of borehole water, indicating a high prevalence of MAR in this study.…”

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confidence: 72%

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Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from Biofilms in Water from Groundwater Sources in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

Olalemi

AKINRULI

Oluwasusi

2019

SAJRM

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This study investigated the pattern of occurrence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in biofilms in water from groundwater sources in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Water samples were collected from boreholes and wells within Ado-Ekiti metropolis over a period of 4 months (n = 100), and biofilm samples were taken at interval of seven days within the period of storage and subjected to microbiological analysis until the total bacterial counts were significant. Enumeration of bacteria in biofilms and antibiotic sensitivity of the bacterial isolates were carried out using standard microbiological methods and multiple antibiotic resistant indexes of the bacterial isolates were calculated. Results showed that a total of 202 bacterial isolates were obtained from the biofilms of the water samples and this include Streptococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Shigella dysenteriae. Of all the bacterial isolates, Streptococcus faecalis had the highest frequency of occurrence (90 %). The bacterial isolates from the biofilms in water from borehole had the highest bacterial count (1.11 × 104 cfu/ml) and were more resistant to antibiotics, whereas those from well had the least bacterial count (0.78 × 104 cfu/ml) and were less resistant to antibiotics. A total of 106 (52.5%) bacterial isolates displayed multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) with indexes greater than 0.2. The findings from this study suggest high prevalence of MAR indexes indicating high source of contamination in areas where antibiotics are used in Ado-Ekiti. Water from the groundwater sources should be treated at point of use and should not be stored for too long before use to prevent the development of biofilms that may be of great significance to human health.

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“…and Klebsiella species. Similar studies by Mbiml et al [20] also revealed the resistance of each of S. aureus, E.…”

Section: Bacterial Isolatessupporting

confidence: 78%

supporting

confidence: 72%

Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from Biofilms in Water from Groundwater Sources in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

Olalemi

AKINRULI

Oluwasusi

2019

SAJRM

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“…These findings suggest that most of the multidrug resistance observed with E. coli and P. aeruginosawere plasmid mediated and further buttress the assertion that several resistant genes are plasmid encoded. Several studies within Nigeria have shown that most of the multi-drug resistant isolates of clinical and environmental origins were plasmid mediated [25] [26].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Bacteria Isolated from Door Handles of University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria

Odigie¹

2018

JHER

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In recent times, surfaces of hospital environment, constantly exposed to activities of patients and health-care workers, have been identified as potential routes for horizontal dissemination of drug resistant microorganisms of public health significance. This study was conducted to investigate the antibiotic resistance profile of bacteria isolated from samples collected from door handles of various units in University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Out of the 66 door handles sampled and analysed bacteriologically, 68 predominant bacteria distributed among five (5) species of Escherichia coli (30.9%), Staphylococcusaureus (26.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.6%), Streptococcus pneumonia (13.2%) and Bacillus subtilis (11.8%) were isolated. Kirby Bauer techniques of disk diffusion antibiotic susceptibility test on the isolates using 9 commercial antibiotics according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) procedure showed resistance of P. aeruginosa to five (5) drugs (Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim, Streptomycin, Ampicillin, Cephalexin and Nalidixic acid), E. coli to five (5) drugs (Ofloxacin, Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim, Ampicillin, Cephalexin and Nalidixic acid), S. pneumoniaeto two drugs (Ampicilin and Nalidixic acid) and S aureus to only Nalidixic acid. Agarose gel electrophoresis carried out on their plasmid DNA revealed detectable fragments in P. aeruginosa and E. coli. After plasmid curing, the isolates became sensitive to Streptomycin, Cephalexin,Ofloxacin, Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim, Ampicillin and Ciprofloxacin. Findings from this study suggest the presence of plasmid mediated multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa and E. coli on surfaces of hospital door handles. Hence, public education on proper personal hygiene and disinfection techniques are recommended in hospitals.

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“…In the recent decade, due to the irrational and inappropriate usage of antibiotics, multi-drug resistant bacteria are gradually emerging in hospital setups [6]. Consequently, colonization by multi-drug resistant bacteria is considered as one of the predisposing factors for HAI and a daily challenge for the clinicians, particularly dealing with critically ill patients [6,7]. Bacteria that frequently implicated as multi-drug resistant bacteria are ESKAPE pathogens and responsible for a substantial percentage of HAI in the current scenario [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnitude, diversity, and antibiogram of bacteria isolated from the selected wards of Arba Minch hospital, Arba Minch, Ethiopia

Manilal¹

2020

Preprint

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Background: Patient-care equipments and inanimate objects contaminated with bacteria are perilous to patients as well as to others who happen to get exposed, and is a persistent problem in developing countries like Ethiopia, it remains overlooked. Therefore, the present study aims to elucidate the magnitude of contamination, diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacteria associated with patient-care equipments and inanimate objects of selected wards of Arba Minch Hospital (AMH), Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study on the diversity and drug susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from inanimate objects and patient-care equipments of three wards of Arba Minch hospital were done. Samples were inoculated into bacteriological media and were identified by biochemical characterization followed by antimicrobial susceptibility tests.Results: Totally, 109 bacterial isolates were identified. The bacterial isolates were identified as Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS), Acinetobacter sp., Klebsiella sp., Citrobacter sp., Enterobacter sp., Salmonella sp., E. coli, and Serratia sp. The surgical ward displayed the utmost contamination rate. Antibiogram of Gram-positive cocci revealed that S. aureus and CNS manifest higher resistance to both penicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Regarding the Gram-negative bacilli, isolates of Acinetobacter showed 100% resistance to ceftriaxone and ampicillin. The overall prevalence of multi-drug resistant bacteria in this study was 57.7 %.Conclusionː Results revealed that the surgical ward, followed by paediatric and neonatal intensive care unit of AMH was heavily contaminated. Therefore, a stringent infection vigilance program comprising of routine sampling from the equipments and wards along with antimicrobial resistance surveillance and decontamination efforts must be instituted.

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Plasmid Profile Analysis and Curing of Multidrug-resistant Bacteria Isolated from Two Hospital Environments in Calabar Metropolis, Nigeria

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from Biofilms in Water from Groundwater Sources in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from Biofilms in Water from Groundwater Sources in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Bacteria Isolated from Door Handles of University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria

Magnitude, diversity, and antibiogram of bacteria isolated from the selected wards of Arba Minch hospital, Arba Minch, Ethiopia

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