Plasmid Profile Analysis of Aminoglycoside-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated From Urinary Tract Infections

Soleimani, Neda; Derakhshan, Safoura; Memariani, Mojtaba

doi:10.17795/ijep33806

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Plasmids carry genes encoding resistance to nitrofurantoin [ 185 ] β-lactams [ 240 ], fluoroquinolones [ 222 ], aminoglycosides [ 241 ], trimethoprim [ 209 ], sulfamethoxazole [ 242 ], tetracyclines [ 243 ], and fosfomycin [ 195 ] among others. These genes are often distributed within plasmids in different combinations, allowing for the spread of multidrug resistance during horizontal transfer events [ 66 ].…”

Section: The Mobilomementioning

confidence: 99%

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC)-Associated Urinary Tract Infections: The Molecular Basis for Challenges to Effective Treatment

Whelan,

Lucey,

Finn

2023

Microorganisms

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections, especially among women and older adults, leading to a significant global healthcare cost burden. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are the most common cause and accounts for the majority of community-acquired UTIs. Infection by UPEC can cause discomfort, polyuria, and fever. More serious clinical consequences can result in urosepsis, kidney damage, and death. UPEC is a highly adaptive pathogen which presents significant treatment challenges rooted in a complex interplay of molecular factors that allow UPEC to evade host defences, persist within the urinary tract, and resist antibiotic therapy. This review discusses these factors, which include the key genes responsible for adhesion, toxin production, and iron acquisition. Additionally, it addresses antibiotic resistance mechanisms, including chromosomal gene mutations, antibiotic deactivating enzymes, drug efflux, and the role of mobile genetic elements in their dissemination. Furthermore, we provide a forward-looking analysis of emerging alternative therapies, such as phage therapy, nano-formulations, and interventions based on nanomaterials, as well as vaccines and strategies for immunomodulation. This review underscores the continued need for research into the molecular basis of pathogenesis and antimicrobial resistance in the treatment of UPEC, as well as the need for clinically guided treatment of UTIs, particularly in light of the rapid spread of multidrug resistance.

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Section: The Mobilomementioning

confidence: 99%

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC)-Associated Urinary Tract Infections: The Molecular Basis for Challenges to Effective Treatment

Whelan,

Lucey,

Finn

2023

Microorganisms

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“…UPEC is also keeping an eye on the rise in resistance and appearance of MDR strains 14 . Therefore, there is requirement for periodic screening of common bacterial pathogens such as UPEC to control their antibiotic resistance profiles in different health care settings 15- 16 . In addition, it is essential to monitor the distribution of genes accompanying the antibiotic resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of β-lactamase genes (blaTEM, bla CTX-M and bla SHV) in uropathogens isolated from patients with UTI

Saleh

2021

EJMM

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Background: The problem of antibiotic resistance has become worldwide health issue among hospitalized patients in developing countries, where the inappropriate usage of antibiotics is common. The widespread occurrence of multidrug resistant strains (MDRS) of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is currently considered avital medical challenge. The identification of ESβL genes and their MDRS in widely isolated uropathogens may provide a helpful tool for choosing effective antibiotic therapy and clinical improvement. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of (bla.TEM, bla.CTX-M, and bla.SHV) β-lactamase DNAs in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, and MDRS of uropathogens E. coli and k. pneumoniae isolated from patients urine UTI diagnosed who were admitted to the Urology & Nephrology Center. Methodology: Clinical E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were isolated from urine specimens of UTI diagnosed patients. Microbiological techniques were utilised to identify the isolates. Antibiotics susceptibility analysis was done utilising the Vitek2 system (bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France). The double disc diffusion technique (DDDT) was used for detecting phenotypic ESBL in isolates. Using the traditional PCR technique, the ESBL genes were identified. Results: Antibiotic resistance of E. coli’s isolates to commonly used antibiotics was high (88.2% resistant to Amoxicillin/clavulanate, 83.5 % were resistant to Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) while minimum resistance appeared against Amikacin (AK) 10.5% and Imipenem (IP) 14%. For isolates of K. pneumoniae, the resistance was higher for nitrofurantoin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin 96.6%, 83.3 %,83.3%, 80% respectively .In our study, out of 115 isolates, E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, 81 (70.43%) were phenotypically positive for ESβL by Combination Disc Test (CDT). The most commonly molecularly detected ESBL genes were TEM 80% of K. pneumoniae isolates and 77.6% of E. coli isolates .followed by SHV 70% of K. pneumoniae isolates and 34.1% of E. coli isolates and finally, CTXM 67% of isolates of E. coli and 63.3% of isolates of K. pneumoniae. Conclusions: The current study concluded that a high rate of resistance has been developed in uropathogens with empiric antibiotic treatment. It emphasized the alarming role of β-lactamases, especially ESßLs in antibiotic

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“…The uninterrupted increasing of resistance and the emergence of MDR strains are still monitored among UPEC [ 26 ]. Therefore, there is a need for periodic screening of common bacterial pathogens such as UPEC to control their antibiotic susceptibility profiles in different communities [ 27 , 28 ]. It seems to be important to also monitor the distribution of genes associated with antibiotic resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genetic background of antibiotic resistance among clinical uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains

et al. 2018

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The spreading mechanisms of antibiotic resistance are related to many bacterial and environment factors. The overuse of antibiotics is leading to an unceasing emergence of new multidrug resistant strains. This problem also concerns uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains, which is the most common pathogen causing urinary tract infections. The aim of this study was the genetic analysis of antibiotic resistance in comparison to the phenotypic background of E. coli strains. The characterized collection of E. coli strains isolated 10 years ago from the urine samples of patients with urinary tract infections was used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (the disc diffusion method) and analysis of antibiotic resistance genes (PCR reaction, sequencing). Additionally, the presence of ESBL strains was analyzed. Fourteen genes were associated with resistance to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides and quinolones. The genetic analysis revealed that blaTEM-1 and sul2 were present in almost all of the studied strains. Other drug-resistance genes were very rare or non-existent. Otherwise, the phenotypic resistance to fluoroquinolones was well correlated with the genotypic background of the studied bacteria. The presence of particular genes and specific mutations indicate a high bacterial potential to multidrug resistance. On the other hand, it needs to be emphasized that the standard disk diffusion test for the routine antimicrobial susceptibility analysis is still the best way to estimate the current situation of bacterial drug-resistance.

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Plasmid Profile Analysis of Aminoglycoside-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated From Urinary Tract Infections

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC)-Associated Urinary Tract Infections: The Molecular Basis for Challenges to Effective Treatment

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC)-Associated Urinary Tract Infections: The Molecular Basis for Challenges to Effective Treatment

Detection of β-lactamase genes (blaTEM, bla CTX-M and bla SHV) in uropathogens isolated from patients with UTI

The genetic background of antibiotic resistance among clinical uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains

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