Plasmids as Epidemiological Markers in Nosocomial Legionnaires' Disease

Nolte, Frederick S.; Conlin, C A; Roisin, A.; Redmond, Stephen R.

doi:10.1093/infdis/149.2.251

Cited by 51 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Molecular tools for subtyping of isolates can be of help in sorting out the role of multiple environmental sources (108,147,193). Edelstein and colleagues found that multilocus enzyme analysis divided a collection of isolates into the greatest number of subtypes of L. pneumophila, but plasmid analysis and monoclonal antibody testing were also useful (76).…”

Section: Epidemiology and Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Legionnaires disease: historical perspective

1988

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In the summer of 1976, a mysterious epidemic of fatal respiratory disease in Philadelphia launched an intensive investigation that resulted in the definition of a new family of pathogenic bacteria, the Legionellaceae. In retrospect, members of the family had been isolated from clinical specimens as early as 1943. Unsolved epidemics of acute respiratory disease dating to the 1950s were subsequently attributed to the newly described pathogens. In the intervening years, the Legionellaceae have been firmly established as important causes of sporadic and epidemic respiratory disease. The sources of the infecting bacteria are environmental, and geographic variation in the frequency of infection has been documented. Airborne dissemination of bacteria from cooling towers and evaporative condensers has been responsible for some epidemics, but potable water systems are perhaps more important sources. The mode of transmission from drinking water is unclear. The Legionellaceae are gram-negative, facultative, intracellular pathogens. The resident alveolar macrophage, usually an effective antibacterial defense, is the primary site of growth. Cell-mediated immunity appears to be the most important immunological defense; the role of humoral immunity is less clear. Erythromycin remains the antibiotic of choice for therapy of infected patients, but identification and eradication of environmental sources are also essential for the control of infection.

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Section: Epidemiology and Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Legionnaires disease: historical perspective

1988

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“…Serotyping of L. pneumuphila isolates with specific antibodies is used widely, but is of limited value as most L. pneumuphila infections involve serogroup 1 [2]. Other epidemiological markers used in the investigation of legionellosis include monoclonal antibody subtyping of serogroup 1 [4], analysis of allo-enzymes [5] and PCR la Ville de plasmids [6], and restriction endonuclease digestion of chromosomal DNA [3]. Restriction fragments of L. pneumuphila DNA have been used as probes for molecular typing of nosocomial isolates belonging to the same serogroup (serogroup 3) [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular typing of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 isolates from patients and the nosocomial environment by arbitrarily primed PCR and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis

Lawrence¹,

Ronco²,

Dubrou³

et al. 1999

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Various methods have been described for subtyping Legionella pneumophila. These methods include monoclonal antibody subtyping (1)(2)(3), analysis of outer membrane proteins (4), peptide profile analysis (5), multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (6,7), plasmid profile analysis (8,9), analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphisms by means of probes (10)(11)(12), and restriction endonuclease digest analysis of whole cell DNA i13, 14). Most of these methods have proved to be useful in special cases but some of them are not suitable for general use in a clinical laboratory because of problems concerning the discriminatory ability, reproducibility, ease of use, availability of reagents, or duration of the procedure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Subtyping ofLegionella pneumophila serogroup 1 isolates by small-fragment restriction endonuclease analysis

Haertl¹,

Bandlow²

1991

Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.

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Whole cell DNA of Legionella pneumophila isolates was examined by small-fragment restriction endonuclease analysis (SF-REA). Fourteen serogroup 1 isolates from tap water in one hospital collected before and after eradication measures had been taken were compared with control strains of serogroup 1 and other serogroups that were not epidemiologically linked. DNA was digested with EcoRI and electrophoresed on polyacrylamide gels. The gel patterns were made visible by silver staining and analysed by direct visual comparison. All 15 epidemiologically unrelated strains of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 and of other serogroups exhibited different restriction fragment patterns. The isolates from the hospital could be clearly subdivided into two groups by SF-REA, suggesting that the hot water supply of the hospital was contaminated with two different strains. SF-REA performed on Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 DNA enabled further subtyping of these organisms and thus appears to be a useful technique for investigating their epidemiology.

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Plasmids as Epidemiological Markers in Nosocomial Legionnaires' Disease

Cited by 51 publications

References 19 publications

Legionnaires disease: historical perspective

Legionnaires disease: historical perspective

Molecular typing of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 isolates from patients and the nosocomial environment by arbitrarily primed PCR and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis

Subtyping ofLegionella pneumophila serogroup 1 isolates by small-fragment restriction endonuclease analysis

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