Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 4G/5G Polymorphism in Turkish Children With Cerebral Infarct and Effect on Factor V 1691 A Mutation

Akar, Nejat; Akar, Ece; Yılmaz, Erkan; Deda, G.

doi:10.1177/088307380101600413

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In addition, we showedthat distribution of PA I-1 genotypes in control group differedfrom obese group. Our control group'sgenotype distribution wassimilartothe normal Turkish population reported previously ( 24,25). Ah igherf requencyf or 4G/4G genotype es-peciallyinTurkish obese childrenwith metabolic syndrome has also been reported (26).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

PAI-1 gene 4G/5G polymorphism, cytokine levels and their relations with metabolic parameters in obese children

Kinik¹,

Özbek²,

Yuce³

et al. 2008

Thromb Haemost

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Obesity is associated with the changes of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) levels. However, the precise effect of the 4G allele on obesity is still contradictory. Here, we aimed to elucidate the role of the 4G/5G polymorphism of the PAI-1 gene on the PAI-1 level and determine the associations between cytokines, glucose and lipid metabolism parameters in obese children. Thirty-nine obese children (mean age 11.4 +/- 3.3 years) and 38 age-matched healthy control group (mean age 10.3 +/- 3.5 years) were included in the study. In all cases, serum levels of glucose, lipid and insulin were measured, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated, and 4G/5G polymorphism of PAI-1 gene, plasma PAI-1 level and serum TNFalpha and TGFbeta levels were studied. The mean relative body mass index (BMI) and HOMA-IR score, VLDL, TG, insulin, PAI-1, TNFalpha levels were higher, and HDL and TGFbeta levels were lower in the obese group. The frequency of the 4G/4G genotype was considerably higher in obese children than in controls. Also, a positive correlation was found between PAI-1 and TNFalpha levels, and relative BMI, HOMA-IR score, insulin, TG, HDL levels. TGFbeta was inversely correlated only with relative BMI. There was no correlation among three cytokines. In conclusion, childhood obesity contributes to higher PAI-1 and TNFalpha and lower TGFbeta levels. Especially PAI-1 and TNFalpha accompany insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

PAI-1 gene 4G/5G polymorphism, cytokine levels and their relations with metabolic parameters in obese children

Kinik¹,

Özbek²,

Yuce³

et al. 2008

Thromb Haemost

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“…The available data for other investigated prothrombotic risk factors [Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) 4G/5G, Factor XIII-A Val34Leu and Human platelet alloantigen-1 (HPA-1)] are not sufficient at the moment to make conclusions about their role as independent risk factors for childhood AIS (28,29,35) although Biswas et al . (35) found association of HPA-1 and AIS in children.…”

Section: Childhood Arterial Ischemic Strokementioning

confidence: 99%

Inherited prothrombotic risk factors in children with first ischemic stroke

Zadro

Herak

2012

Biochem Med

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Stroke in children is a heterogeneous disorder. Over 100 risk factors for stroke have been reported and genetic predisposition to stroke has been established. The most frequently reported risk factors are congenital heart malformations, hemolytic anemias, collagen vascular diseases, some rare inborn metabolic disorders, trauma, infection and thrombophilia. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of investigated inherited prothrombotic risk factors in children with first ischemic stroke. Various prothrombotic risk factors have been investigated in pediatric stroke including elevated homocysteine and lipoprotein (a), antithrombin, protein C and protein S deficiency, Factor V Leiden, Factor II G20210A and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 4G/5G polymorphism. Despite similar criteria for inclusion of different studies in meta-analyses investigating first ischemic stroke in children, the obtained results were not consistent for all prothrombotic risk factors. The discrepancies found could be explained by methodological issues like different sample sizes, patient populations included and lack of controls. In order to provide the necessary power for randomized control trials, multi-center, multi-national approaches like International Pediatric Stroke Study have been initiated with the aim to describe risk factors for childhood stroke and explore their relationship with presentation, age, geography, and infarct characteristics. Although it is evident from numerous studies that the frequency of inherited prothrombotic factors is increased in pediatric stroke, single thrombophilia does not fully explain stroke in a child as it represents only a mild risk factor. Further studies are needed, as improved understanding of underlying mechanisms will improve primary and secondary prevention of childhood stroke.

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“…5,8 (Table 2). There are two reports concerning 4G/5G polymorphism in a healthy Turkish population 21,22…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 gene 4G/5G polymorphism on glucose and lipid metabolisms in Turkish obese children

Kinik¹,

Ataç

Verdı

et al. 2005

Clinical Endocrinology

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Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 4G/5G Polymorphism in Turkish Children With Cerebral Infarct and Effect on Factor V 1691 A Mutation

Cited by 24 publications

References 12 publications

PAI-1 gene 4G/5G polymorphism, cytokine levels and their relations with metabolic parameters in obese children

PAI-1 gene 4G/5G polymorphism, cytokine levels and their relations with metabolic parameters in obese children

Inherited prothrombotic risk factors in children with first ischemic stroke

The effect of plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 gene 4G/5G polymorphism on glucose and lipid metabolisms in Turkish obese children

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