Plasmodesmata play pivotal role in sucrose supply to <i>Meloidogyne graminicola</i>‐caused giant cells in rice

Li-he, XU; Xiao, Liying; Xiao, Yanan; Peng, Deliang; Xiao, Xiangyu; Huang, Wenkun; Gheysen, Godelieve; Wang, Gaofeng

doi:10.1111/mpp.13042

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Sugar transporter genes AtSUC2 and gall specific promoter TobRB7 , have been identified to be involved in the feeding site of nematodes ( Opperman et al., 1994 ; Juergensen et al., 2003 ). Recently, sucrose transport was found to be mostly dependent on plasmodesmata-mediated sucrose supply from the rice root phloem to M. graminicola -caused giant cells, and OsSWEET11 to 15 and OsSUTs play no major role in this process ( Xu et al., 2021 ). In our experimental results, GUS activity in the AtSWEET1 reporter was not observed in non-galls of the root, which is consistent with Chen et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AtSWEET1 negatively regulates plant susceptibility to root-knot nematode disease

et al. 2023

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The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita is a pathogenic pest that causes severe economic loss to agricultural production by forming a parasitic relationship with its hosts. During the development of M. incognita in the host plant roots, giant cells are formed as a nutrient sink. However, the roles of sugar transporters during the giant cells gain sugar from the plant cells are needed to improve. Meanwhile, the eventual function of sugars will eventually be exported transporters (SWEETs) in nematode-plant interactions remains unclear. In this study, the expression patterns of Arabidopsis thaliana SWEETs were examined by inoculation with M. incognita at 3 days post inoculation (dpi) (penetration stage) and 18 dpi (developing stage). We found that few AtSWEETs responded sensitively to M. incognita inoculation, with the highest induction of AtSWEET1 (AT1G21460), a glucose transporter gene. Histological analyses indicated that the β-glucuronidase (GUS) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) signals were observed specifically in the galls of AtSWEET1-GUS and AtSWEET1-GFP transgenic plant roots, suggesting that AtSWEET1 was induced specifically in the galls. Genetic studies have shown that parasitism of M. incognita was significantly affected in atsweet1 compared to wild-type and complementation plants. In addition, parasitism of M. incognita was significantly affected in atsweet10 but not in atsweet13 and atsweet14, expression of which was induced by inoculation with M. incognita. Taken together, these data prove that SWEETs play important roles in plant and nematode interactions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AtSWEET1 negatively regulates plant susceptibility to root-knot nematode disease

et al. 2023

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“…In addition, different architectures among the three types of M. graminicola -caused NFSs might lead to a different parasitism ability of M. graminicola on rice. Noteworthy, the type I of M. graminicola -caused NFSs on rice that shows a similar size for its lateral and longitudinal areas presents a relatively larger surface than both types II and III, which could facilitate material and signal exchange between GCs and their neighboring cells (Bartlem et al 2014 ; Kyndt et al 2016 ; Xu et al 2021 ). This might explain why type I is the dominant architectural type of NFSs in rice galls caused by M. graminicola and type II at later parasitic J2 stage transforms into type I at J3 stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological characterization reveals new insights into giant cell development of Meloidogyne graminicola on rice

Niu

Xiao

Almeida-Engler

et al. 2022

Planta

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Main conclusion Three types of nematode-feeding sites (NFSs) caused by M. graminicola on rice were suggested, and the NFS polarized expansion stops before the full NFS maturation that occurs at adult female stage. Abstract Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., secrete effectors and recruit host genes to establish their feeding sites giant cells, ensuring their nutrient acquisition. There is still a limited understanding of the mechanism underlying giant cell development. Here, the three-dimensional structures of M. graminicola-caused nematode-feeding sites (NFSs) on rice as well as changes in morphological features and cytoplasm density of the giant cells (GCs) during nematode parasitism were reconstructed and characterized by confocal microscopy and the Fiji software. Characterization of morphological features showed that three types of M. graminicola-caused NFSs, type I–III, were detected during parasitism at the second juvenile (J2), the third juvenile (J3), the fourth juvenile (J4) and adult female stages. Type I is the majority at all stages and type II develops into type I at J3 stage marked by its longitudinal growth. Meanwhile, NFSs underwent polarized expansion, where the lateral and longitudinal expansion ceased at later parasitic J2 stage and the non-feeding J4 stage, respectively. The investigation of giant cell cytoplasm density indicates that it reaches a peak at the midpoint of early parasitic J2 and adult female stages. Our data suggest the formation of three types of NFSs caused by M. graminicola on rice and the NFS polarized expansion stopping before full NFS maturation, which provides unprecedented spatio-temporal characterization of development of giant cells caused by a root-knot nematode.

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“…Notably, all SUT genes except for OsSUT2 show very weak expressions in the root at the transcriptional level. Xu et al [ 53 ] reported that none of the rice SUT genes were expressed in the root, as detected via GUS expression. However, another investigation employing the same method showed that OsSUT1 was expressed in the root of rice shortly after seed germination [ 34 ].…”

Section: Physiological Functions Of Rice Sut Sucrose Transportersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice SUT and SWEET Transporters

Tang

Zhang

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Sugar transporters play important or even indispensable roles in sugar translocation among adjacent cells in the plant. They are mainly composed of sucrose–proton symporter SUT family members and SWEET family members. In rice, 5 and 21 members are identified in these transporter families, and some of their physiological functions have been characterized on the basis of gene knockout or knockdown strategies. Existing evidence shows that most SUT members play indispensable roles, while many SWEET members are seemingly not so critical in plant growth and development regarding whether their mutants display an aberrant phenotype or not. Generally, the expressions of SUT and SWEET genes focus on the leaf, stem, and grain that represent the source, transport, and sink organs where carbohydrate production, allocation, and storage take place. Rice SUT and SWEET also play roles in both biotic and abiotic stress responses in addition to plant growth and development. At present, these sugar transporter gene regulation mechanisms are largely unclear. In this review, we compare the expressional profiles of these sugar transporter genes on the basis of chip data and elaborate their research advances. Some suggestions concerning future investigation are also proposed.

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Plasmodesmata play pivotal role in sucrose supply to Meloidogyne graminicola‐caused giant cells in rice

Cited by 11 publications

References 67 publications

AtSWEET1 negatively regulates plant susceptibility to root-knot nematode disease

AtSWEET1 negatively regulates plant susceptibility to root-knot nematode disease

Morphological characterization reveals new insights into giant cell development of Meloidogyne graminicola on rice

Rice SUT and SWEET Transporters

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