Plasmodies de Lémuriens Malgaches

Landau, I.; Lepers, J. P.; Rabetafika, L; Baccam, D.; Peters, W.H.M.; Coulangés, P

doi:10.1051/parasite/1989643171

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…At least five species of Plasmodium have been identified morphologically in prosimians [38] and five species have been proposed based on molecular evaluation [35], [36]. It is unknown whether these species overlap, as there is no body of work that has successfully used both microscopy and molecular methods.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These species are listed in Table A.1 but we did not consider these as species in host species accumulation calculations, however they were included in group calculations few isolates or few groups have isolated the parasites, and it is unknown whether their identity overlaps with morphologically described species. For example, almost every lemur malaria parasite found has been named a unique Plasmodium species [35], [36], [38], but there is no corresponding molecular and morphological data from most of these parasites.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primate malarias: Diversity, distribution and insights for zoonotic Plasmodium

Faust

Dobson

2015

One Health

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Protozoans within the genus Plasmodium are well-known as the causative agents of malaria in humans. Numerous Plasmodium species parasites also infect a wide range of non-human primate hosts in tropical and sub-tropical regions worldwide. Studying this diversity can provide critical insight into our understanding of human malarias, as several human malaria species are a result of host switches from non-human primates. Current spillover of a monkey malaria, Plasmodium knowlesi, in Southeast Asia highlights the permeability of species barriers in Plasmodium. Also recently, surveys of apes in Africa uncovered a previously undescribed diversity of Plasmodium in chimpanzees and gorillas. Therefore, we carried out a meta-analysis to quantify the global distribution, host range, and diversity of known non-human primate malaria species. We used published records of Plasmodium parasites found in non-human primates to estimate the total diversity of non-human primate malarias globally. We estimate that at least three undescribed primate malaria species exist in sampled primates, and many more likely exist in unstudied species. The diversity of malaria parasites is especially uncertain in regions of low sampling such as Madagascar, and taxonomic groups such as African Old World Monkeys and gibbons. Presence–absence data of malaria across primates enables us to highlight the close association of forested regions and non-human primate malarias. This distribution potentially reflects a long coevolution of primates, forest-adapted mosquitoes, and malaria parasites. The diversity and distribution of primate malaria are an essential prerequisite to understanding the mechanisms and circumstances that allow Plasmodium to jump species barriers, both in the evolution of malaria parasites and current cases of spillover into humans.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primate malarias: Diversity, distribution and insights for zoonotic Plasmodium

Faust

Dobson

2015

One Health

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“…The fourth species, (?) Plasmodium lemuris, did not show in the new host and this strengthens Landau et al (1989) belief that this species is not a true Plasmodium but in fact a Nyctheria. The various stages of sporogony and hepatic schizogony are described but the authors were unable to identify them specifically.…”

Section: Sporogony and Pre-erythrocytic Schizogony Of Plasmodia From mentioning

confidence: 49%

Sporogonie et schizogonie pré-érythrocytaire de Plasmodies de Lémuriens malgaches

Rabetafika

Landau

Baccam

et al. 1989

Ann. Parasitol. Hum. Comp.

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RÉSUMÉ. Une étude expérimentale du cycle des Plasmodiums hébergés par un Lemur macaco macaco a abouti aux résultats suivants :Trois des quatre espèces présentes (P. coulangesi, P. percygarnhami et P. bucki) ont été transmises par Anopheles stephensi à un Lemur macaco macaco sain. La quatrième espèce (?) Plasmodium lemuris, n'est pas apparue chez le nouvel hôte, ce qui est en laveur de l'hypothèse (Landau et coll., 1989) selon laquelle il ne s'agirait pas d'un Plasmodium mais plutôt de Nyctheria.Les différents stades de la sporogonie et de la schizogonie hépatique sont décrits, mais il n'a pas été possible de les identifier de façon spécifique.Sporogonie : A 25° C les oocystes mûrissent entre 13 et 15 jours. Les tailles moyennes des oocystes mûrs mesurés dans cinq cages de Moustiques différentes varient entre 52 µm et 61 µm. Les sporozoites sont nombreux dans les glandes salivaires à partir du 15e ou du 16e jour. Ils mesurent 8,5 µm ± 0,12.Schizogonie hépatique : Un Lemur fulvus fulvus mayotensis des Commores a été inoculé de façon massive avec des sporozoïtes, pour l'étude des stades exo-érythrocytaires. La durée de la période prépatente a été de 9 jours. Deux populations de schizontes, l'une présentant des pseudocytomères, l'autre non, sont observées dans le foie.Mots-clés : Plasmodium. Lémuriens malgaches. Transmission. Sporogonie. Shizogonie pré érythrocytaire.

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“…However, parasites, including gastrointestinal, ectoparasites, and hemoparasites, have been detected, and a number of lemur species have tested serologically positive for West Nile virus. 11,17,22,26,28,36,40 Increasingly, studies have focused on the effects of environmental anthropogenic change on lemur health, demonstrating that lemurs in relatively pristine forests are more fit and have lower parasite loads than those in smaller fragmented forests with increased exposure to humans and their associated animals. 21, 23,34 In captivity, lemurs have been diagnosed with a number of parasitic diseases that include but are not limited to fatal neurologic toxoplasmosis; Baylisasaris procyonis neural larval migrans; Physaloptera spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal Parasites of Captive and Free-Living Lemurs and Domestic Carnivores in Eastern Madagascar

Alexander¹,

Poirotte²,

Porton³

et al. 2016

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine

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Fecal samples from captive and free-living lemurs at Ivoloina Zoological Park (IZP) and domestic carnivores from six villages surrounding IZP were evaluated between July and August 2012. Free-living lemurs from Betampona Natural Reserve (BNR), a relatively pristine rainforest fragment 40 km away, were also evaluated in November 2013. All 33 dogs sampled (100%) and 16 of 22 cats sampled (72.7%) were parasitized, predominantly with nematodes (strongyles, ascarids, and spirurids) as well as cestodes and protozoans. Similar types of parasites were identified in the lemur populations. Identification of spirurid nematodes and protozoans in the lemur fecal samples were of concern due to previously documented morbidity and mortality in lemurs from these parasitic agents. Twelve of 13 free-living (93%) and 31 of 49 captive (63%) lemurs sampled at IZP had a higher parasite prevalence than lemurs at BNR, with 13 of 24 (54%) being parasitized. The lemurs in BNR are likely at risk of increased exposure to these parasites and, therefore, increased morbidity and mortality, as humans and their domestic animals are encroaching on this natural area.

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Plasmodies de Lémuriens Malgaches

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Primate malarias: Diversity, distribution and insights for zoonotic Plasmodium

Primate malarias: Diversity, distribution and insights for zoonotic Plasmodium

Sporogonie et schizogonie pré-érythrocytaire de Plasmodies de Lémuriens malgaches

Gastrointestinal Parasites of Captive and Free-Living Lemurs and Domestic Carnivores in Eastern Madagascar

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