Plasmodium vivax infection causes acute respiratory distress syndrome: a case report

Gupta, Himanshu; Afsal, Mohammed; Shetty, Seema; Satyamoorthy, Kapaettu; Umakanth, Shashikiran

doi:10.3855/jidc.6813

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This post-treatment exacerbation of inflammation triggers a hyperimmune response which results in lung injury [20]. Pulmonary complications may occur before initiation of antimalarial treatment [18][19][20]. In our case also, ARDS developed before starting antimalarial treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

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Role of Non-Invasive Ventilation in Management of Plasmodium Vivax Malaria Presenting as Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Case Report

Mrigpuri¹,

Gupta²

2018

IJCR

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lasmodium vivax is a common cause of malaria in endemic regions and responsible for illness and mortality in these regions [1]. Plasmodium falciparum has been known to cause severe malaria manifested by multiple organ dysfunctions including acute respiratory failure. On the contrary, P. vivax malaria usually presents as a benign acute febrile disease. Although the occurrence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is generally associated with severe falciparum malaria, rarely P. vivax malaria has also been reported to cause ARDS [2]. With the advent of non-invasive ventilation (NIV), its use as the first-line ventilatory support has been suggested, particularly in patients with mild to moderate ARDS [3,4]. Herein, we report a case of P. vivax malaria presenting as ARDS which was managed successfully with antimalarial drugs and NIV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Over the last few years, multiple case reports have shown the occurrence of ARDS during the course of P. vivax malaria [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. However, few cases have been reported with ARDS as the presenting complication [18][19][20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Non-Invasive Ventilation in Management of Plasmodium Vivax Malaria Presenting as Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Case Report

Mrigpuri¹,

Gupta²

2018

IJCR

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“…However, Pv has now become the predominant cause of malaria outside sub-Saharan Africa and is considered a key obstacle to malaria elimination [ 4 ]. This is particularly relevant in India, which remains the largest contributor to Pv burden globally [ 5 , 6 ], and where there has been an increase in reports supporting the capacity of Pv to induce severe and potentially fatal malaria in recent years [ 7 – 11 ]. This may be attributed to a combination of several factors, including historical underreporting, improved diagnostic granularity, and the availability of molecular tools to accurately differentiate parasite species and potential co-infections, or drug resistance emergence [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and epidemiological characterization of severe Plasmodium vivax malaria in Gujarat, India

et al. 2020

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The mounting evidence supporting the capacity of Plasmodium vivax to cause severe disease has prompted the need for a better characterization of the resulting clinical complications. India is making progress with reducing malaria, but epidemics of severe vivax malaria in Gujarat, one of the main contributors to the vivax malaria burden in the country, have been reported recently and may be the result of a decrease in transmission and immune development. Over a period of one year, we enrolled severe malaria patients admitted at the Civil Hospital in Ahmedabad, the largest city in Gujarat, to investigate the morbidity of severe vivax malaria compared to severe falciparum malaria. Patients were submitted to standard thorough clinical and laboratory investigations and only PCR-confirmed infections were selected for the present study. Severevivax malaria (30 patients) was more frequent than severe falciparum malaria (8 patients) in our setting, and it predominantly affected adults (median age 32 years, interquartile range 22.5 years). This suggests a potential age shift in anti-malarial immunity, likely to result from the recent decrease in transmission across India. The clinical presentation of severe vivax patients was in line with previous reports, with jaundice as the most common complication. Our findings further support the need for epidemiological studies combining clinical characterization of severe vivax malaria and serological evaluation of exposure markers to monitor the impact of elimination programmes.

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“…P. falciparum is the main species implicated in malarial complications, such as, cerebral malaria (CM) and malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (MA-ARDS). However, there is an increased incidence of MA-ARDS cases due to P. vivax in Southeast Asia and South America (Gupta et al, 2015 ). This malarial lung pathology is also one of the main complications of malaria caused by P. knowlesi , a zoonotic parasite in Southeast Asia (Cox-Singh et al, 2010 ; William et al, 2011 ; Van den Steen et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic CD8+ T Cells Cause Increased Levels of VEGF-A in Experimental Malaria-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, but Therapeutic VEGFR Inhibition Is Not Effective

Pham

Verheijen

Vandermosten

et al. 2017

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Malaria is a severe disease and kills over 400,000 people each year. Malarial complications are the main cause of death and include cerebral malaria and malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (MA-ARDS). Despite antimalarial treatment, lethality rates of MA-ARDS are still between 20 and 80%. Patients develop pulmonary edema with hemorrhages and leukocyte extravasation in the lungs. The vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and the placental growth factor (PlGF) are vascular permeability factors and may be involved in the disruption of the alveolar-capillary membrane, leading to alveolar edema. We demonstrated increased pulmonary VEGF-A and PlGF levels in lungs of mice with experimental MA-ARDS. Depletion of pathogenic CD8+ T cells blocked pulmonary edema and abolished the increase of VEGF-A and PlGF. However, neutralization of VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) with the monoclonal antibody clone DC101 did not decrease pulmonary pathology. The broader spectrum receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib even increased lung pathology. These data suggest that the increase in alveolar VEGF-A and PlGF is not a cause but rather a consequence of the pulmonary pathology in experimental MA-ARDS and that therapeutic inhibition of VEGF receptors is not effective and even contra-indicated.

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Plasmodium vivax infection causes acute respiratory distress syndrome: a case report

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

Role of Non-Invasive Ventilation in Management of Plasmodium Vivax Malaria Presenting as Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Case Report

Role of Non-Invasive Ventilation in Management of Plasmodium Vivax Malaria Presenting as Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Case Report

Clinical and epidemiological characterization of severe Plasmodium vivax malaria in Gujarat, India

Pathogenic CD8+ T Cells Cause Increased Levels of VEGF-A in Experimental Malaria-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, but Therapeutic VEGFR Inhibition Is Not Effective

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