“…One of the possibilities to overcome these limitations is to couple Bi 2 S 3 with carbon materials (such as graphene and carbon nanotubes), which is predictable to promote the separation and transportation of charge carriers. − Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has been extensively reported for photocatalytic enhancement in PEC applications due to its high electrical conductivity, − low cost, optical transparency, , and large surface area. Furthermore, several reports highlighted that graphene is the most effective carbon material for Bi 2 S 3 modification in improving photocatalytic enhancement. − For example, Wang et al reported a hybrid TiO 2 nanorod (NR)/(Bi 2 S 3 /rGO) 5 photoanode with good PEC performance and high efficiency while ensuring cost-competitiveness. In addition, most of the reported synthetic approaches for the preparation Bi 2 S 3 nanostructures exhibit rigorous experimental conditions like high reaction temperatures, high pressure, and capping agents, which probably increase the complexity, infeasibility, and limit the large-scale application.…”