Plasmonic Metasurfaces for Coloration of Plastic Consumer Products

Clausen, Jeppe Sandvik; Højlund-Nielsen, Emil; Christiansen, Alexander Bruun; Yazdi, Sadegh; Grajower, Meir; Taha, Hesham; Levy, Uriel; Kristensen, Anders; Mortensen, N. Asger

doi:10.1021/nl5014986

Cited by 337 publications

(341 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Given the large pitch (400 nm) of the pixels used here, the colour change beyond tilt angles larger than 25°is not unexpected. Colours from pixels with smaller periodicities, that is, smaller than 400 nm, are anticipated to be angle insensitive, consistent with studies performed on similar nanohole and disk structures 33 . Our approach enables the printing of two overlaid full-colour images that can be independently decoded when viewed through a polarizing filter-a powerful capability that could potentially be extended to encoding multiple images (that is, through the use of circularly asymmetric nanostructures) or generating stereoscopic microprints.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Three-dimensional plasmonic stereoscopic prints in full colour

et al. 2014

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Metal nanostructures can be designed to scatter different colours depending on the polarization of the incident light. Such spectral control is attractive for applications such as high-density optical storage, but challenges remain in creating microprints with a single-layer architecture that simultaneously enables full-spectral and polarization control of the scattered light. Here we demonstrate independently tunable biaxial colour pixels composed of isolated nanoellipses or nanosquare dimers that can exhibit a full range of colours in reflection mode with linear polarization dependence. Effective polarization-sensitive full-colour prints are realized. With this, we encoded two colour images within the same area and further use this to achieve depth perception by realizing three-dimensional stereoscopic colour microprint. Coupled with the low cost and durability of aluminium as the functional material in our pixel design, such polarization-sensitive encoding can realize a wide spectrum of applications in colour displays, data storage and anti-counterfeiting technologies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Three-dimensional plasmonic stereoscopic prints in full colour

et al. 2014

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“…The fascinating properties of plasmonics provide a foundation for various applications, including integrated optical circuits [11][12][13], singlemolecule detection [14,15], super-resolution imaging [16,17], photovoltaics [18,19], color generation [20][21][22], and biological sensing [23,24]. These achievements have mostly been realized in the visible or near-infrared regions where the noble metals host plasmons that can be driven by light fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-plasmon polaritons: From fundamental properties to potential applications

et al. 2016

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With unique possibilities for controlling light in nanoscale devices, graphene plasmonics has opened new perspectives to the nanophotonics community with potential applications in metamaterials, modulators, photodetectors, and sensors. In this paper, we briefly review the recent exciting progress in graphene plasmonics. We begin with a general description of the optical properties of graphene, particularly focusing on the dispersion of graphene-plasmon polaritons. The dispersion relation of graphene-plasmon polaritons of spatially extended graphene is expressed in terms of the local response limit with an intraband contribution. With this theoretical foundation of graphene-plasmon polaritons, we then discuss recent exciting progress, paying specific attention to the following topics: excitation of graphene plasmon polaritons, electron-phonon interactions in graphene on polar substrates, and tunable graphene plasmonics with applications in modulators and sensors. Finally, we address some of the apparent challenges and promising perspectives of graphene plasmonics.

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“…The structural tuning of the Al plasmon resonance into the visible yields excellent blue colors, but as the resonance is red-shifted across the visible spectrum its linewidth broadens, primarily owing to the interband transition of Al that occurs at nominally 1.5 eV. The increased spectral broadening and damping in Al results in complex and pastel chromaticities (23,24), not the vivid monochromatic colors required by full-color display technologies.…”

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confidence: 99%

Vivid, full-color aluminum plasmonic pixels

Olson

Manjavacas

Liu

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

283

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Aluminum is abundant, low in cost, compatible with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor manufacturing methods, and capable of supporting tunable plasmon resonance structures that span the entire visible spectrum. However, the use of Al for color displays has been limited by its intrinsically broad spectral features. Here we show that vivid, highly polarized, and broadly tunable color pixels can be produced from periodic patterns of oriented Al nanorods. Whereas the nanorod longitudinal plasmon resonance is largely responsible for pixel color, far-field diffractive coupling is used to narrow the plasmon linewidth, enabling monochromatic coloration and significantly enhancing the far-field scattering intensity of the individual nanorod elements. The bright coloration can be observed with p-polarized white light excitation, consistent with the use of this approach in display devices. The resulting color pixels are constructed with a simple design, are compatible with scalable fabrication methods, and provide contrast ratios exceeding 100:1.RGB | chromaticity | array | electron beam lithography D isplay technologies have been evolving toward vivid, fullcolor, flat-panel displays with high resolution and/or small pixel sizes, higher energy efficiency, and improved benefit/cost ratios. Some of the most popular current technologies are liquid crystal displays (LCD), laser phosphor displays, also known as electroluminescent displays, and light-emitting diode (LED)-based displays. A common characteristic of all color display technologies is the incorporation of various color-producing media, which can be inorganic, organic, or polymeric materials, into the device. These chromatic materials are chosen to produce the fundamental components of the color spectrum in additive color schemes such as the standard red-green-blue (sRGB) when illuminated by an internal light source or when an electrical voltage is applied.Inorganic chromatic materials have the potential to greatly extend the durability and lifetime of color displays. Inorganic nanoparticles have recently begun to be used in color displays in the form of quantum dot LEDs, which have excellent display lifetimes and industry-scalable, size-based, and material-based color tunability (1-3). However, obtaining blue colors from quantum dots has been challenging (4) owing to the requirement of synthesizing nanoparticles in the small size range required to achieve optical transitions in this wavelength range. Au nanoparticles can produce green and red colors based on their surface plasmon resonances (5), but shorter-wavelength hues are quenched because of interband transitions for wavelengths below 520 nm (6). Ag has also been investigated for display applications (7, 8), but although spectral features can be achieved across the visible region the material readily oxidizes (9, 10), requiring additional passivation layers.Al is potentially a highly attractive material for plasmon-based full-spectrum displays. Al is the third most abundant element in the earth's crust, beh...

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Plasmonic Metasurfaces for Coloration of Plastic Consumer Products

Cited by 337 publications

References 33 publications

Three-dimensional plasmonic stereoscopic prints in full colour

Three-dimensional plasmonic stereoscopic prints in full colour

Graphene-plasmon polaritons: From fundamental properties to potential applications

Vivid, full-color aluminum plasmonic pixels

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