Plastic Changes in the Auditory Cortex of Congenitally Deaf Cats following Cochlear Implantation

Klinke, Rainer; Hartmann, Rainer; Heid, Silvia; Tillein, Jochen; Kral, Andrej

doi:10.1159/000046833

Cited by 41 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, inputs to layers III/IV of A1 are present in congenitally deaf animals, as are subsequent inputs to more superficial, supergranular layers (Klinke et al, 1999). However, activity in deeper, infragranular layers is significantly decreased (Kral et al, 2000, 2002), and synaptic current latencies are significantly longer [after controlling for brainstem latency shifts (Kral et al, 2000; Klinke et al, 2001)], suggesting that connections between superficial and deeper layers do not mature. In hearing animals, the infragranular layers of A1 are the source of descending, feedback projections.…”

Section: Effects Of Deafness On the Auditory Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional and structural changes throughout the auditory system following congenital and early-onset deafness: implications for hearing restoration

Butler

Lomber

2013

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The absence of auditory input, particularly during development, causes widespread changes in the structure and function of the auditory system, extending from peripheral structures into auditory cortex. In humans, the consequences of these changes are far-reaching and often include detriments to language acquisition, and associated psychosocial issues. Much of what is currently known about the nature of deafness-related changes to auditory structures comes from studies of congenitally deaf or early-deafened animal models. Fortunately, the mammalian auditory system shows a high degree of preservation among species, allowing for generalization from these models to the human auditory system. This review begins with a comparison of common methods used to obtain deaf animal models, highlighting the specific advantages and anatomical consequences of each. Some consideration is also given to the effectiveness of methods used to measure hearing loss during and following deafening procedures. The structural and functional consequences of congenital and early-onset deafness have been examined across a variety of mammals. This review attempts to summarize these changes, which often involve alteration of hair cells and supporting cells in the cochleae, and anatomical and physiological changes that extend through subcortical structures and into cortex. The nature of these changes is discussed, and the impacts to neural processing are addressed. Finally, long-term changes in cortical structures are discussed, with a focus on the presence or absence of cross-modal plasticity. In addition to being of interest to our understanding of multisensory processing, these changes also have important implications for the use of assistive devices such as cochlear implants.

show abstract

Section: Effects Of Deafness On the Auditory Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional and structural changes throughout the auditory system following congenital and early-onset deafness: implications for hearing restoration

Butler

Lomber

2013

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In agreement with this view, there is a growing body of electrophysiological evidence from studies in profoundly deaf animals that chronic ICES can result in changes in central auditory system response characteristics (for review see Fallon et al, 2008), and that this plasticity can in part ameliorate the effects of deafness on these responses. Such changes have been described both in the midbrain nucleus, the inferior colliculus (IC, e.g., Snyder et al, 1990, 1995; Vollmer et al, 1999, 2005) and in the primary auditory cortex (AI, e.g., Dinse et al, 1997, 2003; Fallon et al, 2009; Klinke et al, 2001; Kral et al, 2002; Kral & Tillein, 2006)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of neonatal partial deafness and chronic intracochlear electrical stimulation on auditory and electrical response characteristics in primary auditory cortex

Fallon¹,

Shepherd²,

Brown³

et al. 2009

Hearing Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of cochlear implants in patients with severe hearing losses but residual low-frequency hearing raises questions concerning the effects of chronic intracochlear electrical stimulation(ICES) on cortical responses to auditory and electrical stimuli. We investigated these questions by studying responses to tonal and electrical stimuli in primary auditory cortex (AI) of two groups of neonatallydeafened cats with residual high-threshold, low-frequency hearing. One group were implanted with a multi-channel intracochlear electrode at eight weeks of age, and received chronic ICES for up to nine months before cortical recording. Cats in the other group were implanted immediately prior to cortical recording as adults. In all cats in both groups, multi-neuron responses throughout the rostrocaudal extent of AI had low characteristic frequencies (CFs), in the frequency range of the residual hearing, and high-thresholds. Threshold and minimum latency at CF did not differ between the groups, but in the chronic ICES animals there was a higher proportion of electrically but not acoustically excited recording sites. Electrical response thresholds were higher and latencies shorter in the chronically stimulated animals. Thus, chronic implantation and ICES affected the extent of AI that could be activated by acoustic stimuli and resulted in changes in electrical response characteristics.

show abstract

“…For example, O'Donoghue, Nikolopoulos, and Archbold (2000) reported that 55% of the variance in cochlear implant outcomes is accounted by these two variables together, whereas socioeconomic status of the family and number of inserted electrodes have no significant impact. Data collected both on animals and humans suggest that chronic electrical stimulation may protect the developing auditory system from degeneration and may modify the functional organization of the auditory system (Klinke, Hartmann, Heid, Tillein, & Kral, 2001). Many congenitally deaf children have never had clear, patterned, auditory input; and, thus, they must use degraded input from the cochlear implant to fuel the development of central phonological processing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cued Speech for Enhancing Speech Perception and First Language Development of Children With Cochlear Implants

Leybaert

LaSasso

2010

Trends in Amplification

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nearly 300 million people worldwide have moderate to profound hearing loss. Hearing impairment, if not adequately managed, has strong socioeconomic and affective impact on individuals. Cochlear implants have become the most effective vehicle for helping profoundly deaf children and adults to understand spoken language, to be sensitive to environmental sounds, and, to some extent, to listen to music. The auditory information delivered by the cochlear implant remains non-optimal for speech perception because it delivers a spectrally degraded signal and lacks some of the fine temporal acoustic structure. In this article, we discuss research revealing the multimodal nature of speech perception in normally-hearing individuals, with important inter-subject variability in the weighting of auditory or visual information. We also discuss how audio-visual training, via Cued Speech, can improve speech perception in cochlear implantees, particularly in noisy contexts. Cued Speech is a system that makes use of visual information from speechreading combined with hand shapes positioned in different places around the face in order to deliver completely unambiguous information about the syllables and the phonemes of spoken language. We support our view that exposure to Cued Speech before or after the implantation could be important in the aural rehabilitation process of cochlear implantees. We describe five lines of research that are converging to support the view that Cued Speech can enhance speech perception in individuals with cochlear implants.

show abstract

Plastic Changes in the Auditory Cortex of Congenitally Deaf Cats following Cochlear Implantation

Cited by 41 publications

References 14 publications

Functional and structural changes throughout the auditory system following congenital and early-onset deafness: implications for hearing restoration

Functional and structural changes throughout the auditory system following congenital and early-onset deafness: implications for hearing restoration

Effects of neonatal partial deafness and chronic intracochlear electrical stimulation on auditory and electrical response characteristics in primary auditory cortex

Cued Speech for Enhancing Speech Perception and First Language Development of Children With Cochlear Implants

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About