Plastic changes to dendritic spines in the cerebellar and prefrontal cortices underlie the decline in motor coordination and working memory during successful aging

Vázquez-Hernández, Nallely; Martínez-Torres, Nestor I.; González-Burgos, Ignacio

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2020.113014

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In another study, aged rats demonstrated a loss of synaptic spine density in the cerebellar cortex. In the distal arborization of the PCs, the number of all dendritic spine morphologies (e.g., thin, mushroom, stubby, and wide spines) was proportionally lowered, which was accompanied by impaired motor and memory performance [64]. Interestingly, the age-related accumulation of lipofuscin causes an increase in PC volume [65][66][67][68][69].…”

Section: The Role Of the Cerebellum In Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging, Neurodegenerative Disorders, and Cerebellum

Iskusnykh,

Zakharova,

Kryl’skii

et al. 2024

IJMS

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An important part of the central nervous system (CNS), the cerebellum is involved in motor control, learning, reflex adaptation, and cognition. Diminished cerebellar function results in the motor and cognitive impairment observed in patients with neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA), and multiple sclerosis (MS), and even during the normal aging process. In most neurodegenerative disorders, impairment mainly occurs as a result of morphological changes over time, although during the early stages of some disorders such as AD, the cerebellum also serves a compensatory function. Biological aging is accompanied by changes in cerebellar circuits, which are predominantly involved in motor control. Despite decades of research, the functional contributions of the cerebellum and the underlying molecular mechanisms in aging and neurodegenerative disorders remain largely unknown. Therefore, this review will highlight the molecular and cellular events in the cerebellum that are disrupted during the process of aging and the development of neurodegenerative disorders. We believe that deeper insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of the cerebellum during aging and the development of neurodegenerative disorders will be essential for the design of new effective strategies for neuroprotection and the alleviation of some neurodegenerative disorders.

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Section: The Role Of the Cerebellum In Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging, Neurodegenerative Disorders, and Cerebellum

Iskusnykh,

Zakharova,

Kryl’skii

et al. 2024

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This decline in WM integrity can be attributed to specific neural morphological alterations [ 22 , 23 ] that occur with aging [ 24 ]. Such morphological changes encompass a reduction in dendritic length and branching, decreased density of spines and synapses, and shifts in the distribution of spine subtypes [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. These alterations are not merely structural; they have functional implications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Fitness: Harnessing the Strength of Exerkines for Aging and Metabolic Challenges

Saheli,

Moshrefi,

Baghalishahi

et al. 2024

Sports

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Addressing cognitive impairment (CI) represents a significant global challenge in health and social care. Evidence suggests that aging and metabolic disorders increase the risk of CI, yet promisingly, physical exercise has been identified as a potential ameliorative factor. Specifically, there is a growing understanding that exercise-induced cognitive improvement may be mediated by molecules known as exerkines. This review delves into the potential impact of aging and metabolic disorders on CI, elucidating the mechanisms through which various exerkines may bolster cognitive function in this context. Additionally, the discussion extends to the role of exerkines in facilitating stem cell mobilization, offering a potential avenue for improving cognitive impairment.

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