Plastic deformation of a metal surface in sliding contact with a hard wedge: its relation to friction and wear

Challen, John; McLean, L. J.; Oxley, P.L.B.

doi:10.1098/rspa.1984.0074

Cited by 81 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…On the very initial part of the diagram it can be seen that the indenter goes deeper into the material. This is the expected behavior due to the release of the rear face of pyramid indenter [22,23]. Let us designate the corresponding maximum depth level as d scr max .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scratch hardness evaluation within-situpile-up effect estimation

Усеинов

Useinov

2012

Philosophical Magazine

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The scratch test is a very powerful technique for measuring hardness at very shallow penetration depths. In the present work, the scratching protocol and data analysis were extended by combining the initial surface profile, the instrument compliance, thermal drift and indenter displacement during the test, which allows reconstruction of the complete indenter trajectory during the scratch test. The analysis of such a diagram leads to the in situ estimation of pile-up sizes and their influence on the area of contact between the indenter and the material. As a result, criteria for a scratch width estimation algorithm can be formalized as well as scratching contact depth can be derived. Based on the indenter apex shape characterized with scanning probe microscopy, it has been shown that lateral elastic recovery takes place during the scratch test. The proposed analysis was applied to the measurement of scratch hardness for several materials known for different piling and elastic recovery behavior during mechanical testing.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scratch hardness evaluation within-situpile-up effect estimation

Усеинов

Useinov

2012

Philosophical Magazine

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“…This theoretical evolution corresponds to many experimental results obtained in the literature [13,14,25,26,27]. Tables 2, 3 …”

Section: Ce mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The shear model [13] assumes that the asperities of both surfaces plastically deform, which is likely not the case when a hardened material in contact with a softer one is used. For these conditions, the friction models of Challen et al [14] can most likely be applied. These models,namely, the wave, the wave removal, and the chip formation models are all based on the plane strain slip-line field theory.…”

Section: The Phenomenological Analysis Of the Nature Of The Frictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Phenomenological Analysis of the Nature of the Friction, From Theoretical and Experimental Point of View of Al-Al2o3-Graphite Composite /Cast Iron „pin on Disc” Sliding System

2017

IJOMAM

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-The theoretical and experimental researches on developing of friction coupling materials that are part of the disc-pad braking systems of vehicle and analysis the tribological behavior of them, has been in the spotlight of the specialists in this field in the past decades. Explaining the phenomena that occur at the level of friction surfaces in relative motion have become increasingly complex and often contradictory. Consequently, in this paper was studied the dry sliding wear behavior and friction coefficient evolution of Al-Al2O3-Graphite composite /cast iron system. The proposed theoretical model analyze how the friction coefficient is influenced by different factors as: (a) the adhesion coefficient, (b) the deformation of the material during friction and (c) the inclination angle of the microasperity resulting from the friction process for metal-metal or metal-ceramic coupling in general and aluminum based composite / cast iron couple in particular. For the experimental part we used AlZn6MgCu as aluminium matrix (in cast and age hardening state) reinforced with different proportion of graphite and/ or Al2O3 ceramic particles.The composite samples are tribological tested on cast iron disc (300HB hardness) at room temperature using a pin on disc machine, at contact pressure of 3.5 and 7.5 x 10 -1 MPa and sleeding speed of 3.8 m/s under dry sliding conditions.

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“…Then, the experimental confirmation of material deformation and waves formation was provided by Challen, McLean and Oxley [33,34]. A wearing contact was modelled by a prism of hard material sliding on a block of softer material as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Wearmentioning

confidence: 99%

How tribology has been helping us to advance and to survive

Stachowiak

2017

Friction

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Movement between contacting surfaces ranges from macro to micro scales, from the movement of continental plates and glaciers to the locomotion of animals and insects. Surface topographies, lubricant layers, contaminants, operating conditions, and others control it, i.e., this movement depends on the tribological characteristics of a system. Before the industrial revolution, friction and wear were controlled by the application of animal fat or oil. During the industrial revolution, with the introduction of trains and other machinery, the operating conditions at the contacting surfaces changed dramatically. New bearings were designed and built and simple lubrication measures were no longer satisfactory. It became critical to understand the lubrication mechanisms involved. During that period, solid theoretical foundations, leading to the development of new technologies, were laid. The field of tribology had gained a significant prominence, i.e., it became clear that without advancements in tribology the technological progress would be limited. It was no longer necessary to build oversized ship bearings hoping that they would work. The ship or automobile bearings could now be optimized and their behavior predicted. By the middle of the 20th century, lubrication mechanisms in nonconformal contacts, i.e., in gears, rolling contact bearings, cams and tappets, etc., were also finally understood.Today, we face new challenges such as sustainability, climate change and gradual degradation of the environment. Problems of providing enough food, clean water and sufficient energy to the human population to pursue a civilized life still remain largely unsolved. These challenges require new solutions and innovative approaches. As the humanity progresses, tribology continue to make vital contributions in addressing the demands for advanced technological developments, resulting in, for example, reducing the fuel consumption and greenhouse gases emission, increasing machine durability and improving the quality of life through artificial implants, among the others.Keywords: tribology; friction; lubrication and wear Tribology as part of our livesIn our everyday life we take many things for granted. It never occurs to us to pause and think why our hands or feet provide a perfect grip on most of the surfaces. We rarely think why sharks swim so fast or why geckos can walk on glass surface even when upside down. We expect spacecraft or satellites that we send to explore our solar system and beyond to operate smoothly even after many months or years of being idle. We expect that our trains and aircraft would stop exactly at the designated places at train stations and airports. When hopping into a car we don't think twice about the material used for the car seats. We don't think often why the tectonic plates or glaciers move with apparent ease. These seemingly diverse problems, and many others, are of great interest and research focus of tribologists. Tribology has helped us to discover not only the underlying mechanisms involved...

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Plastic deformation of a metal surface in sliding contact with a hard wedge: its relation to friction and wear

Cited by 81 publications

References 6 publications

Scratch hardness evaluation within-situpile-up effect estimation

Scratch hardness evaluation within-situpile-up effect estimation

The Phenomenological Analysis of the Nature of the Friction, From Theoretical and Experimental Point of View of Al-Al2o3-Graphite Composite /Cast Iron „pin on Disc” Sliding System

How tribology has been helping us to advance and to survive

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