Plastic design of laterally patch loaded plates for ships

Review and application of ship collision and grounding analysis procedures

“…Several such simplified analysis tools for prediction of the damage to struck ships as well as striking ships have been developed, see Brown [37], Sajdak and Brown [54], Yamada and Pedersen [55] and [56], and Hong and Amdahl [57][58][59]. These tools all calculate the structural deformation for both the striking and the struck ship independently using rigid-plastic simplified analysis procedures.…”

Simplified analytical methods for the crashworthiness and the seismic design of lock gates

“…One of its first application was done by Alexander [71] in 1960 to study the axial crushing of cylinders, but some recent papers show that this upper-bound approach is still of interest. For example, Hong and Amdahl [71] applied it to derive analytically the patch-loading resistance of ship plates, while upper-bound solutions were obtained by Kotelko et al [89] for various resistance modes of thin-walled structures submitted to compression. Many investigations were also performed on stiffened plates, such as the analytical developments currently achieved by Cho and Lee [30].…”

“…In a very interesting paper, Hong and Amdahl [71] derived the patch-loading resistance of web girders submitted to a uniformly distributed load. The theoretical model was based on two different collapse modes (a "roof-top" and a "double diamond" mechanism) and a good agreement with finite element simulations was found.…”

“…In particular, there is no need to distinguish between the bulb or the stem, as it was done in section 3.3. This approach may be justified by the need of deriving tractable formulae, which requires to avoid the very difficult deformation patterns postulated by Hong and Amdahl [71] in the case of a distributed contact force. As depicted on Figure 3.26, one fold may be split into a right and a left wing.…”

“…This correction should be done to account for the radius and the thickness of the folded parts which do not allow the actual plate to be entirely compressed. In a quite detailed literature review, it is mentioned by Hong and Amdahl [71] that the values suggested for ½ range from 2/3 to 1. Nevertheless, by considering different ½, it was found that this parameter has little influence on the resistance k!i", so it is decided here to keep ½ = 1.…”