Plastic responses of survival and fertility following heat stress in pupal and adult<i>Drosophila virilis</i>

Walsh, Benjamin S.; Parratt, Steven R.; Mannion, Natasha L. M.; Snook, Rhonda R.; Bretman, Amanda; Price, Tom A. R.

doi:10.1002/ece3.8418

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Thus, our time window covers the normally critical period of sexual maturation; however, in our heat challenge treatments we could have likely seen further improvement beyond the assay period if we had observed males for at least one spermatogenesis cycle for recovery, for example, as done in D. virilis (Walsh et al, 2021) or T. castaneum (Sales et al, 2021). In our assays, heat-stressed males started producing offspring by day 4 of the recovery process with the exception of males that had developed at 31°C, which needed much longer to recover fertility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery from heat‐induced infertility—A study of reproductive tissue responses and fitness consequences in male Drosophila melanogaster

Domenech

Fricke

2022

Ecology and Evolution

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Temperature is a critical abiotic factor for many organisms and can turn into an environmental stressor, particularly for ectotherms. Elevated temperatures are known to affect an ectotherm's physiology, behavior, and, on a broader scale, its overall performance (Huey & Stevenson, 1979). When critical thermal limits are exceeded, both viability and reproductive potential are harmed (Sales et al., 2021). In recent years, most research assessing phenotypic effects under increasing temperatures has incorporated mainly

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery from heat‐induced infertility—A study of reproductive tissue responses and fitness consequences in male Drosophila melanogaster

Domenech

Fricke

2022

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Mature sperm are less temperature sensitive than spermatogenesis and, as a result, the effect of high temperature on male fertility can be delayed [30,31,70]. In Drosophila this delay results in a week-long period where there is no apparent effect of heat shock on male fertility until the mature sperm stock is used up [71]. By contrast, tsetse sperm production occurs during development and ceases upon emergence, meaning that males have their entire mature sperm stock as teneral adults [72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heatwaves are detrimental to fertility in the viviparous tsetse fly

Weaving,

Terblanche,

English

2024

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Heatwaves are increasing in frequency and intensity due to climate change, pushing animals beyond physiological limits. While most studies focus on survival limits, sublethal effects on fertility tend to occur below lethal thresholds, and consequently can be as important for population viability. Typically, male fertility is more heat-sensitive than female fertility, yet direct comparisons are limited. Here, we measured the effect of experimental heatwaves on tsetse flies, Glossina pallidipes , disease vectors and unusual live-bearing insects of sub-Saharan Africa. We exposed males or females to a 3-day heatwave peaking at 36, 38 or 40°C for 2 h, and a 25°C control, monitoring mortality and reproduction over six weeks. For a heatwave peaking at 40°C, mortality was 100%, while a 38°C peak resulted in only 8% acute mortality. Females exposed to the 38°C heatwave experienced a one-week delay in producing offspring, whereas no such delay occurred in males. Over six weeks, heatwaves resulted in equivalent fertility loss in both sexes. Combined with mortality, this lead to a 10% population decline over six weeks compared to the control. Furthermore, parental heatwave exposure gave rise to a female-biased offspring sex ratio. Ultimately, thermal limits of both survival and fertility should be considered when assessing climate change vulnerability.

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“…Heat-induced stress on the endocrine system prolonged diapause and delayed adult eclosion in Rhagoletis mendax Curran (Teixeira and Polavarapu 2005). Heat stressing puparia of Drosophila virilis Sturtevant (Diptera: Drosophilidae) also delayed sexual maturity (Walsh et al 2021). The higher temperature needed to delay eclosion in wasps (51.1 °C) than in flies (47.8 °C) is consistent with the greater heat tolerance of immature wasps than fly pupae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper thermal limits of Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae) pupae and pteromalid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) inside fly puparia

Yee

2023

Environmental Entomology

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Determining upper thermal limits of tephritid fly pupae can have practical implications for disinfesting soils and for predicting differential impacts of global warming on flies and their parasites. Here, upper thermal limits of Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Diptera: Tephritidae) pupae and pteromalid wasps (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) inside puparia were determined. Puparia receiving sufficient chill to terminate pupal diapause were exposed to temperatures ramped linearly over 6 h from 21 °C to 47.8, 49.4, 51.1, 55.0, or 60.0 °C for a 0-h hold time. Flies eclosed when pupae were exposed to 47.8 °C but not to 49.4, 51.1, 55.0, or 60.0 °C nor in a separate test to 47.8 °C for 1–3 h hold times. All fly pupae in treatments where no eclosion occurred were dead based on puparial dissections. In contrast, adult wasps eclosed when puparia were exposed to 49.4 and 51.1 °C for 0 h and to 47.8 °C for 1- and 2-h hold times. Despite the greater upper thermal limits of wasps, heat delayed eclosion times of both adult flies and wasps, in 47.8 and 51.1 °C treatments, respectively. In separate tests, longevity of flies exposed as pupae to 47.3–48.6 °C was greater than of control flies, while longevity of control wasps and wasps exposed as immatures to 47.8–51.1 °C did not differ. Flies exposed as pupae to 47.2–48.6 °C produced as many eggs and puparia as control flies. Results suggest heat could be used to disinfest soils of puparia while sparing parasitoids. In addition, extreme heat waves due to global warming might be more detrimental to fly pupae than immature wasps.

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Plastic responses of survival and fertility following heat stress in pupal and adultDrosophila virilis

Cited by 17 publications

References 53 publications

Recovery from heat‐induced infertility—A study of reproductive tissue responses and fitness consequences in male Drosophila melanogaster

Recovery from heat‐induced infertility—A study of reproductive tissue responses and fitness consequences in male Drosophila melanogaster

Heatwaves are detrimental to fertility in the viviparous tsetse fly

Upper thermal limits of Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae) pupae and pteromalid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) inside fly puparia

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