Plastic Scintillating Materials in Nuclear Medical Imaging

Kulkarni, P. V.; Antich, Peter P.; Anderson, John A.; Fernando, Johann L.; Aminabhavi, Tejraj M.; Harlapur, Sujata F.; Aralaguppi, Mrityunjaya I.; Balundgi, R. H.

doi:10.1080/03602559.1997.10399437

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…In the selection of a suitable initiator, we note that aromatic initiators such as benzoyl peroxide could induce unexpected impurities and diminish the light yield of plastic scintillators. 32 An aliphatic peroxide, 1,1-di-( tert -butyl-peroxy)-3,3,5-tri-methylcyclohexane thus served as the thermal initiator. Its half lifetime at 95 °C is around 10 hours, which is suitable for polymerization of vinyl-toluene.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of bulk-size transparent gadolinium oxide–polymer nanocomposites for gamma ray spectroscopy

et al. 2013

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Heavy element loaded polymer composites have long been proposed to detect high energy X- and γ-rays upon scintillation. The previously reported bulk composite scintillators have achieved limited success because of the diminished light output resulting from fluorescence quenching and opacity. We demonstrate the synthesis of a transparent nanocomposite comprising gadolinium oxide nanocrystals uniformly dispersed in bulk-size samples at a high loading content. The strategy to avoid luminescence quenching and opacity in the nanocomposite was successfully deployed, which led to the radioluminescence light yield of up to 27 000/MeV, about twice as much as standard commercial plastic scintillators. Nanocomposites monoliths (14 mm diameter by 3 mm thickness) with 31 wt% loading of nanocrystals generated a photoelectric peak for Cs-137 gamma (662 keV) with 11.4% energy resolution.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of bulk-size transparent gadolinium oxide–polymer nanocomposites for gamma ray spectroscopy

et al. 2013

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“…In view of the widespread use of plastic scintillators in medical imaging, polymers like polystyrene, polyvinyl toluene, and methyl-substituted polystyrene, after doping with primary and secondary dyes, have been used. 1 The commercially available plastic scintillators contain polymer matrix doped with two fluorescent dyes viz., a primary dopant called the fluor and a secondary dopant called the wavelength shifter. The latter is usually added at a lower concentration than the primary dye.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser dye diffusion in polymer solutions studied by spectrophotometry

Marigoudar

Lagare

Nadagouda

et al. 2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:A mathematical approach based on the combined application of Fick's law of diffusion and the BeerLambert law was used to measure the diffusion coefficient of dyes viz., coumarin 515 [3-(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)-7-diethylaminocoumarin], POPOP [1,4-bis (5-phenyloxazolyl-2-yl) benzene], and exalite 416 {1,1,1Ј,1Ј-tetraethyl-5,5Ј-diparaanisyl-[2,3:5,6] diindanobenzene} in solutions of polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) in 1,4-dioxane. Diffusion data agreed well with the published results obtained using other techniques.

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“…Polystyrene (PS) is one of the most widely studied polymers in understanding the spectroscopic1–4 and thermodynamic interactions in solution 5–7. Polystyrene and methyl polystyrenes have been widely used as plastic scintillators8 in medical imaging and high‐energy physics. It is, therefore, important to study the energy transfer processes and spectral shift of the dyes in PS solutions of different concentrations dissolved in a suitable solvent 9–12.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy transfer processes between primary and secondary dopants in polystyrene solutions dissolved in 1,4‐dioxane

Prabhugouda

Lagare

Mallikarjuna

et al. 2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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High molecular weight polystyrene prepared by emulsion polymerization was characterized by gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, and solution viscosity. Prepared polystyrene was used to study the energy transfer processes using Exalite 416 and Coumarin 515 dyes as the primary and the secondary dopants. Absorption and emission spectra of the dyes in polystyrene (PS) solution of concentration 2.5 g/dL in 1,4-dioxane have been measured. Absorption spectrum of the acceptor dye, Coumarin 515 (wavelength shifter), at 403 nm matches with the emission spectrum of the donor dye, Exalite 416. Continuous wave emission spectra of these wavelength shifters have been studied by changing the concentration of Coumarin 515 dye (accepter) while keeping the Exalite 416 (donor) concentration (10 Ϫ4 M) fixed in the PS solution. Energy transfer process has been discussed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 336 -341, 2005

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Plastic Scintillating Materials in Nuclear Medical Imaging

Cited by 6 publications

References 108 publications

Synthesis of bulk-size transparent gadolinium oxide–polymer nanocomposites for gamma ray spectroscopy

Synthesis of bulk-size transparent gadolinium oxide–polymer nanocomposites for gamma ray spectroscopy

Laser dye diffusion in polymer solutions studied by spectrophotometry

Energy transfer processes between primary and secondary dopants in polystyrene solutions dissolved in 1,4‐dioxane

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