Plastic VCSEL array packaging and high density polymer waveguides for board and backplane optical interconnect

Liu, Y.S.; Wojnarowski, R.J.; Hennessy, W.; Piacente, P.A.; Rowlette, John R.; Kadar‐Kallen, Michael A.; Stack, Jared D.; Liu, Yue; Peczalski, A.; Nahata, Ajay; Yardley, James T.

doi:10.1109/ectc.1998.678832

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It is not difficult to construct an optical combiner network with polymer waveguides. 2 ϫ 1 Y couplers can easily be constructed in polymer waveguides, 15,16,26 and these Y couplers can be combined to construct a binary tree optical combiner network. A binary tree combiner successively combines the signals from each input source into a single optical waveguide.…”

Section: Optical Combinermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymer waveguides are being constructed with losses of less than Ϫ0.1 dB͞ cm. 15 It has been observed for similar waveguides that the losses for 90°bends with radii of curvature of greater than approximately 1 mm are approximately Ϫ0.1 dB. 32 We will assume a total length of 50 cm of polymer waveguide from each transmitting VCSEL to the receivers, and we will assume that each waveguide will contain no more than approximately ten 90°bends.…”

Section: B Optical Losses and Power Budgetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multimode polymer waveguides have been constructed with a 50 m ϫ 50 m core and a 100-m pitch 15 for use with PC board and optical backplane applications, with large numbers of these waveguides fitting into a compact space. The size and spacing of these polymer waveguides match well with the feature size and spacing of VCSEL's and optical receivers.…”

Section: B Polymer Waveguidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore it seems advantageous to find a method to route the optical signals from the physically separated discrete processors to a centralized free-space optical crossbar. Polymer waveguides [13][14][15][16] seem to provide a good means for achieving this goal. Polymer waveguides can be fabricated directly on a PC board, allowing for the processors to be spaced out around the PC board.…”

Section: B Polymer Waveguidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To solve this problem, we also propose the use of polymer waveguides [13][14][15][16] to route the optical signals from the physically separated discrete processors to a centralized free-space optical crossbar. Polymer waveguides can be fabricated directly on a PC board, thus allowing for the processors to be distributed around the PC board, closely matching the traditional design of PC-boardbased computer systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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All-optical crossbar switch using wavelength division multiplexing and vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

Webb

Louri

1999

Appl. Opt.

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A design for an all-optical crossbar network utilizing wavelength-tunable vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser ͑VCSEL͒ technology and a combination of free-space optics and compact optical waveguides is presented. Polymer waveguides route the optical signals from a spatially distributed array of processors to a central free-space optical crossbar, producing a passive, all-optical, fully connected crossbar network directly from processor to processor. The analyzed network could, relatively inexpensively, connect local clusters of tightly integrated processors. In addition, it is also believed that such a network could be extended, with wavelength reuse, to connect much larger numbers of processors in a multicluster network.

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Section: Optical Combinermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Optical Losses and Power Budgetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Polymer Waveguidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Polymer Waveguidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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All-optical crossbar switch using wavelength division multiplexing and vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

Webb

Louri

1999

Appl. Opt.

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Design and analysis of an optical waveguide tap for silicon CMOS circuits

Stenger

Beyette²

2002

J. Lightwave Technol.

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A class of highly scalable optical crossbar-connected interconnection networks (SOCNs) for parallel computing systems

Webb

Louri

2000

IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst.

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AbstractÐA class of highly scalable interconnect topologies called the Scalable Optical Crossbar-Connected Interconnection Networks (SOCNs) is proposed. This proposed class of networks combines the use of tunable Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSEL's), Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) and a scalable, hierarchical network architecture to implement large-scale optical crossbar based networks. A free-space and optical waveguide-based crossbar interconnect utilizing tunable VCSEL arrays is proposed for interconnecting processor elements within a local cluster. A similar WDM optical crossbar using optical fibers is proposed for implementing intercluster crossbar links. The combination of the two technologies produces large-scale optical fan-out switches that could be used to implement relatively low cost, large scale, high bandwidth, low latency, fully connected crossbar clusters supporting up to hundreds of processors. An extension of the crossbar network architecture is also proposed that implements a hybrid network architecture that is much more scalable. This could be used to connect thousands of processors in a multiprocessor configuration while maintaining a low latency and high bandwidth. Such an architecture could be very suitable for constructing relatively inexpensive, highly scalable, high bandwidth, and fault-tolerant interconnects for large-scale, massively parallel computer systems. This paper presents a thorough analysis of two example topologies, including a comparison of the two topologies to other popular networks. In addition, an overview of a proposed optical implementation and power budget is presented, along with analysis of proposed media access control protocols and corresponding optical implementation.

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Plastic VCSEL array packaging and high density polymer waveguides for board and backplane optical interconnect

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

All-optical crossbar switch using wavelength division multiplexing and vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

All-optical crossbar switch using wavelength division multiplexing and vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

Design and analysis of an optical waveguide tap for silicon CMOS circuits

A class of highly scalable optical crossbar-connected interconnection networks (SOCNs) for parallel computing systems

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