Plasticised Chlorinated Poly(vinyl chloride)-PY/GC/MS Studies Pertinent to the Role of FeOOH as a Smoke Suppressant

Carty, P.; Price, Dennis; Milnes, G.J.; Radcliffe, Claire; White, S.A.

doi:10.1177/073490419901700606

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…O ver the last ten years we have reported in detail the effects of a very active iron-based smoke suppressant on the flammability properties of some chlorinated polymers, including rigid and plasticized PVC, poly-(vinyl chloride), CPVC, and some chlorinated polymer blends (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). Using PVC, CPVC, and blends of these with ABS, we have been able to show that basic iron(III) oxide, FeOOH, is chemically active and interacts with chlorinated polymers to dramatically increase char formation and consequently reduce smoke formation during heating and burning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimony/iron interactions in chlorinated polymer blends

Carty

Price

2004

Vinyl Additive Technology

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The flammability properties of blends of acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene (ABS) and chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC) have been investigated. Additive‐free ABS/CPVC blends, blends containing an iron(III) based smoke suppressant, basic iron(III) oxide (FeOOH) and blends containing equal amounts of the commercially available flame retardant, antimony(III) oxide (Sb2O3) and FeOOH were prepared. Char formation at 650°C, flammability (Oxygen Index) and smoke density (flaming‐mode‐NBS Smoke Density Chamber) data was obtained using standard procedures. Char formation in these systems was found to be linearly dependent on the chlorine content of the blends, even in the presence of antimony(III) oxide and basic iron(III) oxide. Oxygen index values for the additive‐free blends vary with blend composition (non‐linear) but the presence of FeOOH and Sb2O3/FeOOH combinations in the blends raise oxygen index values, especially at low (∼20%) chlorine concentrations. Smoke density values for the additive‐free blends are linearly dependent on chlorine content, but the additives have different effects on smoke formation, effects that also depend on the chlorine content of the blends. Attempts to relate these changes in flammability parameters to chemical interactions occurring between polymers and additives during thermal decomposition are discussed. J. Vinyl Addit. Technol. 10:88–94, 2004. © 2004 Society of Plastics Engineers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimony/iron interactions in chlorinated polymer blends

Carty

Price

2004

Vinyl Additive Technology

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Overview of the recent literature on flame retardancy and smoke suppression in PVC

Levchik¹,

Weil²

2005

Polym. Adv. Technol.

154

123

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This paper presents an overview of the recent literature on flame retardancy of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). A short overview of mechanisms of thermal decomposition of PVC, especially those which lead to char formation, is also presented because this gives insight into the mechanisms of flame retardant action. New developments in the area are mostly focused on combinations of various flame retardants and smoke suppressants in the search for synergistic effects. Because different additives show different mechanisms of action, synergistic combinations are very probable. New developments in phosphate ester plasticizers are reported in the literature. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Thermal decomposition of chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC)

Elakesh

Hull

Price

et al. 2003

Vinyl Additive Technology

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Chlorinated poly(viny1 chloride) (CPVC) shows reductions in flammability and smoke production over PVC. The thermal decomposition of pure CPVC (without stabilizer or lubricant) was studied by dynamic thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at heating rates from 5 to 100"C/min in atmospheres of nitrogen, air, and oxygen. In each case, a two-step decomposition was observed similar to that for W C where dehydrochlorination is followed by pyrolysis/oxidation of the carbonaceous residue. The rate of dehydrochlorination was dependent on atmosphere, occumng slightly slower in nitrogen than in air, and slightly more quickly in oxygen than in air. The decomposition of the residual char was clearly dependent on the conditions in which it was formed. Under dynamic conditions, chars formed at high heating rates appeared more resilient to oxidative degradation than those formed more slowly. However, when chars were formed by heating at different rates and then held at 500°C. the char formed at the slowest heating rate was the slowest to be oxidized. The uptake of oxygen by the char appears to be rate-limiting. At low heating rates char oxidation is similar in both air and oxygen. As the heating rate is raised, the rate of mass loss of char in air becomes progressively closer to that in nitrogen until at lOO"C/min they are almost identical. This work is important to the understanding of the decomposition and flammability of CWC and flame-retarded CFVC, where the char formation is one of the flame-retardant mechanisms.

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Plasticised Chlorinated Poly(vinyl chloride)-PY/GC/MS Studies Pertinent to the Role of FeOOH as a Smoke Suppressant

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Antimony/iron interactions in chlorinated polymer blends

Antimony/iron interactions in chlorinated polymer blends

Overview of the recent literature on flame retardancy and smoke suppression in PVC

Thermal decomposition of chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC)

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