Plasticity of Nonapeptidergic Neurosecretory Cells in Fish Hypothalamus and Neurohypophysis

Garlov, P. E.

doi:10.1016/s0074-7696(05)45005-6

Cited by 11 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…During evolution, the OT system underwent tremendous transformation and changed from a single OT‐containing structure, the preoptic nucleus, to the complex multinuclear organisation of the hypothalamus, as can be found in mammals . Although the presence of magnOT neurones in lower vertebrates has been frequently described in the literature, it was assumed that parvOT cells represent an evolutionary younger OT cell type, which can only be found in higher vertebrates. However, the presence of parvOT neurones has been reported in adult teleost fish by Goodson et al and recently was also supported by Wircer et al who demonstrated parvocellular‐like OT neurones (“posterior tuberculum cluster” of OT cells) in both larvae and adult zebra fish.…”

Section: Evolution and Ontogenesis Of Magno‐ And Parvocellullar Ot Nementioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of oxytocin neurones: Beyond magno‐ and parvocellular cell types?

Althammer

Grinevich

2018

J Neuroendocrinology

110

123

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The hypothalamic neuropeptide oxytocin (OT), which is evolutionarily conserved among different species throughout the animal kingdom, is a key modulator of a variety of socio-emotional behaviors such as fear, trust and empathy. OT cells in the mammalian hypothalamus have been traditionally divided into two distinct typesmagnocellular (magnOT) and parvocellular (parvOT) or preautonomic neurons. This distinction is based on OT cell sizes and shapes, projections, electrophysiological activity and functions. Indeed, while neuroendocrine magnOT neurons are known to primarily project their axons to the posterior pituitary and to a number of forebrain Accepted Article Accepted ArticleThis article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Furthermore, unexpected axonal projections of parvOT neurons to the forebrain and magnOT neurons to the midbrain have been newly reported. In this review, we focus on the detailed analysis of methods of distinction between OT cell types, in-and output sites, morphology as well as on the direct connectivity between OT neurons and its physiological significance. At the end, we propose a hypothesis that the central OT system is composed of more than just two OT cell types, which should be further verified by the application of available genetic and anatomical techniques.

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Section: Evolution and Ontogenesis Of Magno‐ And Parvocellullar Ot Nementioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of oxytocin neurones: Beyond magno‐ and parvocellular cell types?

Althammer

Grinevich

2018

J Neuroendocrinology

110

123

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“…Magnocellular neurons of adult Anamnia are quite randomly distributed within the PON, existing intermingled with other types of cells. However, there is a ventro-dorsal gradient in size and morphology of neurons—while ventrally located neurons are rather small, more dorsally residing ones are bigger, and neurons reaching the upper pole of the PON are gigantic (Polenov, 1974; Garlov, 2005). This gradient reflects a “physiological regeneration” of the nucleus, which is caused by short periods of increased secretory activity (migration in fish and seasonal changes in frogs) and subsequent death of the gigantic neurosecretory neurons (Polenov, 1974; Garlov, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is a ventro-dorsal gradient in size and morphology of neurons—while ventrally located neurons are rather small, more dorsally residing ones are bigger, and neurons reaching the upper pole of the PON are gigantic (Polenov, 1974; Garlov, 2005). This gradient reflects a “physiological regeneration” of the nucleus, which is caused by short periods of increased secretory activity (migration in fish and seasonal changes in frogs) and subsequent death of the gigantic neurosecretory neurons (Polenov, 1974; Garlov, 2005). This cell loss is, hence, compensated by newly born neurons (Chetverukhin and Polenov, 1993; Polenov and Chetverukhin, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of oxytocin pathways in the brain of vertebrates

Knobloch

Grinevich

2014

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

214

183

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The central oxytocin system transformed tremendously during the evolution, thereby adapting to the expanding properties of species. In more basal vertebrates (paraphyletic taxon Anamnia, which includes agnathans, fish and amphibians), magnocellular neurosecretory neurons producing homologs of oxytocin reside in the wall of the third ventricle of the hypothalamus composing a single hypothalamic structure, the preoptic nucleus. This nucleus further diverged in advanced vertebrates (monophyletic taxon Amniota, which includes reptiles, birds, and mammals) into the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei with accessory nuclei (AN) between them. The individual magnocellular neurons underwent a process of transformation from primitive uni- or bipolar neurons into highly differentiated neurons. Due to these microanatomical and cytological changes, the ancient release modes of oxytocin into the cerebrospinal fluid were largely replaced by vascular release. However, the most fascinating feature of the progressive transformations of the oxytocin system has been the expansion of oxytocin axonal projections to forebrain regions. In the present review we provide a background on these evolutionary advancements. Furthermore, we draw attention to the non-synaptic axonal release in small and defined brain regions with the aim to clearly distinguish this way of oxytocin action from the classical synaptic transmission on one side and from dendritic release followed by a global diffusion on the other side. Finally, we will summarize the effects of oxytocin and its homologs on pro-social reproductive behaviors in representatives of the phylogenetic tree and will propose anatomically plausible pathways of oxytocin release contributing to these behaviors in basal vertebrates and amniots.

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“…Морфологически эти пути выведения НПГ выражены в массовом опустошении НСК от капель нейросекрета и тел Герринга в разных отделах ГГНС, т.е. в редукции особых форм массового накопления нейросекреторных продуктов, специализированных для реализации размножения (Garlov 2005). У многих видов рыб нерестовое поведение сохраняется почти до конца нереста, с чем, повидимому, отчасти и связана как исходная, так и последующие активации ГГНС (Rose and Moore 2002).…”

Section: Figunclassified

“…Для проверки гипотезы об участии ГГНС в реакции организма именно на стресс в период нереста был проведен сравнительный экологогистофизиологический и экспериментальный анализ морфофункциональных механизмов активации ГГНС при нересте и при относительно адекватном для проходных рыб стрессе, вызванном содержанием половозрелых осетров и севрюг в растворах морской воды и повареной соли различной концентрации (Polenov and Garlov 1974;Garlov 2005). Были смоделированы все 3 вида стресса: эустресс (в 5‰), стресс (в 17 и 22‰) и дистресс (в 32‰).…”

Section: )unclassified

Ecologic-histophysiological overview of the involvement of the hypothalamo-hypophysial neurosecretory system in fish reproduction

2019

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The participation of the hypothalamo-hypophysial neurosecretory system (HHNS) in fish reproduction was shown by histomorphological and electronic microscopical studies with the use of quantitative morphometry. The activation of HHNS at the beginning of spawning and the following decrease of its functional activity was revealed in all studied one-time spawning fish species independently of the spawning season (based on spring-, autumn- and winter-spawning genera: Acipenser, Oncorhynchus, and Lota respectively). The diphasic reaction of HHNS corresponding to stages of “an alarm and resistance to stress”, is considered to be the reflection of its participation in protective-adaptive reactions of an organism to a physiological stress. In monocyclic species, right after spawning, there becomes the blockade of neurohormone releasing function from neurohypophysis corresponding to supernatural inhibition of system at disstress. At the beginning of spawning nonapeptide neurohormones (NpNh) of HHNS initiate spawning behavior and the appearance of “mating attire” by exposure to the central nervous system, pituitary gland and complex visceral organs. Then they promote ovulation and spermiation by stimulating the contraction of the smooth muscles of gonad. By the end of reproduction, they participate in the implementation of the body’s adaptations, aimed at overcoming physiological stress-spawning. Maintaining the body’s metabolic equilibrium is ensured by the pronounced anti-gonadotropic NpNh effect by inhibiting the gonadoliberin secretion and stimulating at the same time its antagonist – adrenocorticotropin secretion, as well as their direct effect on endocrine and generative gonad’s functions. This effect is crucial for the normalization of the physiological body state after spawning, as it allows to radically affect the nature of metabolic processes, by “switching” them from generative to plastic metabolism. A constructive working scheme of neuroendocrine regulation fish reproduction – its initiation (stimulating neurohormonal effect) and completion (inhibitory effect) by the self-regulation principle is presented. The important HHNS functional role in the integration of fish reproduction and the intended mechanisms for its participation in spawning migrations are discussed.

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Plasticity of Nonapeptidergic Neurosecretory Cells in Fish Hypothalamus and Neurohypophysis

Cited by 11 publications

References 103 publications

Diversity of oxytocin neurones: Beyond magno‐ and parvocellular cell types?

Diversity of oxytocin neurones: Beyond magno‐ and parvocellular cell types?

Evolution of oxytocin pathways in the brain of vertebrates

Ecologic-histophysiological overview of the involvement of the hypothalamo-hypophysial neurosecretory system in fish reproduction

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