Plastochron and yield of Physalis peruviana L. grown in different environments and transplanting dates

Abstract

This study aimed to estimate plastochron, leaf area, and yield of Physalis peruviana seedlings grown in different environments and transplanted on different dates. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, arranged in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme, namely: two cultivation environments (protected and field) and three transplanting dates (10/27/2013, 12/15/2013, and 02/11/2014). Four replicates of eight plants were used per plot, and the four central plants composed the useful area. Based on mathematical models and temperature data, plastochron was estimated for the entire crop cycle and vegetative and reproductive phases separately. Leaf area and node number were measured, and their relationship established at the end of the study. Other variables assessed were fruit number, mass, and yield per plant. Our results showed that the higher temperatures in the protected environment anticipated phenological timings. Plastochron values of 60.0 and 16.5 °C day-1 can be used during vegetative and reproductive stages, respectively. The protected environment increased vegetative growth and development, as well as yield of P. peruviana seedlings. In the Guarapuava-PR region, P. peruviana seedlings should be transplanted during the spring so that higher fruit yield and quality could be achieved.

Phenology and yield of cape gooseberry cultivated in open field in subtropical environment

“…From this perspective, it is noted that the period between the emission of flower buds and the maturation of the initial fruit lasted 58 days (Table 2). However, the duration of this period varies greatly according to the growing conditions (Betemps et al, 2014), varying between 30 and 73 days (Rodrigues et al, 2013;Rodrigues et al, 2018;Zeist et al, 2020).…”

“…occurs prominently in open fields (Lima et al, 2010;Muniz et al, 2011), with factors acting incisively and with limited control, the phenological studies are predominantly carried out in greenhouses (Rodrigues et al, 2018;Pedó et al, 2019). The results obtained by different studies cannot always be extrapolated from one region to another or from one cultivation system to another (Zeist et al, 2020), because essential aspects related to the fruit development are changed according to the cultivation conditions (Dias et al, 2015). Thus, the study of the phenological phases of cape gooseberry for regions with possible productive and cultivation potential appears as essential aspects for the management of the culture.…”

“…Zeist et al (2020) evaluating times of cultivation in open field and greenhouse, found greater thermal accumulation necessary for the emission of nodes in the vegetative phase in relation to the reproductive, with average values of 60.4 and 15.2 °C day node -1 , respectively, with the highest values being found in protected cultivation, regardless of the planting season. According to the authors, the reduction of temperature during the cultivation cycle in open field induces the plants to early senescence, reducing the thermal accumulation necessary for the emission of each structure on cape gooseberry.…”