Plate boundary deformation and continuing deflation of the Askja volcano, North Iceland, determined with GPS, 1987?1993

Camitz, Johan; Sigmundsson, F.; Foulger, G. R.; Jahn, Cord-Hinrich; Völksen, Christof; Einarsson, Páll

doi:10.1007/s004450050085

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Some calderas that formed over shallow basaltic reservoirs or over silicic magma chambers subside at relatively slow rates for long periods of time. Examples are Campi Flegrei [Berrino et al, 1984], Askja [Camitz et al, 1995], Aira [Tada and Hashimoto, 1989], Yellowstone , and Medicine Lake [Dzurisin et al, 1991]. Only at Aira has long-term subsidence occurred during lateral magma movement from beneath the caldera to feed intermittent eruptions of Sakurajima.…”

Section: Long-term Subsidence Of Calderasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcano geodesy: The search for magma reservoirs and the formation of eruptive vents

Dvorak¹,

Dzurisin²

1997

Reviews of Geophysics

278

174

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Section: Long-term Subsidence Of Calderasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcano geodesy: The search for magma reservoirs and the formation of eruptive vents

Dvorak¹,

Dzurisin²

1997

Reviews of Geophysics

278

174

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“…With regard to terrestrial surveys, the advent of GPS has greatly improved the methodology for ground deformation monitoring, allowing one to collect higher-accuracy and higherdensity data with simpli®ed and faster operations in the ®eld. Today this technique is often used as an alternative to groundbased topographical methods such as levelling or trilateration (Camitz et al 1995;Pingue et al 1998). More recently, the appearance of a new generation of receivers has allowed the surveying of geodetic networks in very short periods of time (a few minutes occupation of points in quick-static mode and a few seconds in pseudo-kinematic mode instead of one to several hours in static mode), keeping the accuracy at about 1 cm in the horizontal and 2 cm in the vertical.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital photogrammetry and kinematic GPS applied to the monitoring of Vulcano Island, Aeolian Arc, Italy

Baldi

Bonvalot

Briole

et al. 2000

Geophysical Journal International

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Digital photogrammetry and kinematic global positioning system (GPS) techniques are investigated and compared over a volcanic area as operational approaches to map the topography and monitor surface displacements. The use of terrestrial and airborne GPS to support the photogrammetric survey allowed for operational and processing time reduction without loss of accuracy. A digital elevation model (DEM) is obtained from the processing of the high‐resolution digital imagery survey, which provides detailed information over a large area. The internal accuracy of the derived DEM has been verified by the comparison of two sets of data obtained from imagery acquired in different epochs; the observed root‐mean‐square error of residuals ranges from a few centimetres to 15 cm depending on the morphological features. Kinematic and pseudo‐kinematic GPS surveys are performed to derive accurate 3‐D coordinates at monumented benchmarks and accurate elevation profiles along footpaths. The average repeatability of the GPS measurements on benchmarks is 1 cm for measurement durations of 2–3 min. The standard deviation of interpolated vertical coordinates obtained at the crossings of kinematic GPS profiles is 4.3 cm. The high quality of these GPS coordinates justifies their use also for the validation of the photogrammetric DEM. A comparison of 6000 common points provides a standard deviation of residuals of 18 cm. The results show that the deformation pattern of a volcanic area can be rapidly and accurately monitored even in the absence of geodetic benchmarks. The integration of aerial photogrammetry with GPS kinematic surveys may be considered as an optimal approach for deriving high‐resolution mapping products to be used in support of studies of volcanic dynamics.

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Dynamics of Volcanic Systems in Iceland: Example of Tectonism and Volcanism at Juxtaposed Hot Spot and Mid-Ocean Ridge Systems

Guðmundsson

2000

Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci.

198

151

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Volcanic systems are swarms of tectonic fractures and basalt volcanoes formed as a result of plate-pull (as the plates are pulled apart) associated with the mid-ocean ridges and the magma dynamics of the Iceland Mantle Plume. Most systems are 40–150 km long, 5–20 km wide, and develop a central volcano. They supply magma to all eruptions in Iceland. Data obtained in the last few years have greatly improved our knowledge of their volcanotectonic environment; as a result, the geometry of the plume is better constrained, and the crust, previously considered thin (∼10 km), is now modeled as thick (∼20–40 km). Depending on the location of the volcanic systems, their activity either decreases or increases faulting in the two main seismic zones. From this, we can infer that emplacement of the feeder-dike to the largest historical eruption in Iceland (that of Laki in 1783) increased shear stress in the South Iceland Seismic Zone and almost certainly triggered the largest (M∼7.1 in 1784) historical earthquake in Iceland. [ Addendum posted 20 April, 2010 ]

show abstract

Plate boundary deformation and continuing deflation of the Askja volcano, North Iceland, determined with GPS, 1987?1993

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Volcano geodesy: The search for magma reservoirs and the formation of eruptive vents

Volcano geodesy: The search for magma reservoirs and the formation of eruptive vents

Digital photogrammetry and kinematic GPS applied to the monitoring of Vulcano Island, Aeolian Arc, Italy

Dynamics of Volcanic Systems in Iceland: Example of Tectonism and Volcanism at Juxtaposed Hot Spot and Mid-Ocean Ridge Systems

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