Plate-like LiFePO4 crystallite with preferential growth of (010) lattice plane for high performance Li-ion batteries

Abstract

Plate-like LiFePO 4 nanocrystallites with preferential growth of the (010) lattice plane are successfully prepared by a low temperature synthesis using a binary mixed solvent system of water and ethylene glycol (EG). A series of analyses, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) were performed to characterize the structure and morphology of the as-obtained products. Compared with conventional LiFePO 4 nanoparticles, the LiFePO 4 nanoplates possess an enlarged (010) surface to volume ratio besides a reduced Li-ion transport length. Such preferential growth of the (010) lattice plane can strongly facilitate Li-diffusion and endow LiFePO 4 with an excellent high rate performance as a Li-ion battery (LIB) cathode material. The LiFePO 4 nanoplates exhibit a high Li-ion diffusion coefficient of 1.28 Â 10 À12 cm 2 s À1 compared to that of LiFePO 4 nanoparticles (i.e., 3.37 Â 10 À13 cm 2 s À1 ). The asobtained LiFePO 4 nanoplates deliver great capacities of 113.4 mA h g À1 and 85.6 mA h g À1 even at 10 C and 20 C respectively. In addition, micro-nano-structured morphology control provides an additional strategy to obtain excellent LiFePO 4 cathode materials with an excellent high rate performance and cycling stability.

Triple carbon coated LiFePO4 composite with hierarchical conductive architecture as high-performance cathode for Li-ion batteries

“…Compared with sample LFPa, LFPb and LFPc, the excellent high-rate capability and remarkable cyclability of LFPd are mainly attributed to synergistic effect of triple carbon coating. The CV curves show a distinct anodic peak (charge) and cathodic peak (discharge), which is consist of a two-phase system [40]. The midpoint of the anodic and cathodic peaks is about 3.42 V, which corresponds to the OCV of the LiFePO 4 electrode.…”

“…The crystalline structures of multiple carbon coated LiFePO 4 materials are studied by a X-ray diffractometer (D8 focus, Germany Bruker company), with Cu K ␣ radiation at 40 kV, 40 …”

Plate-like LiFePO 4 /C composite with preferential (010) lattice plane synthesized by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-assisted hydrothermal carbonization

“…In addition, the D is calculated to be 2.6 Â 10 À12 cm 2 s À1 which is close to 1.28 Â 10 À12 cm 2 s À1 in Ref. [13] and higher than 2.1 Â 10 À14 cm 2 s À1 in Ref. [43] and 9.4 Â 10 À14 cm 2 s À1 in Ref.…”

“…Obviously, nanocrystallization of LiFePO 4 material offers a solution to improve its high-rate capability by shortening the transport distance of electrons and Li-ions [11,12]. Unfortunately, compared with micro-structured LiFePO 4 particles, LiFePO 4 nanoparticles require higher loading amount of agglutinant when being processed into an electrode because they possess a higher interfacial energy and agglomerate more easily [13]. This can adversely affect the tap density and the volumetric energy density.…”

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanofiber decorated LiFePO4 composites with superior performance for lithium-ion batteries

“…However, poor electronic conductivity and slow diffusion of lithium ions across the LFP/FePO 4 (FP) phase prevent its wider practical application [13]. To overcome these intrinsic drawbacks, various effective approaches, such as particle size reduction, lattice doping, and conductive material coating, have been carried out [14][15][16][17][18].…”