Platelet Adhesion, Contact Phase Coagulation Activation, and C5a Generation of Polyethylene Glycol Acid‐Grafted High Flux Cellulosic Membrane with Varieties of Grafting Amounts

Abstract

Grafting of polyethylene glycol chains onto cellulosic membrane can be expected to reduce the interaction between blood (plasma protein and cells) and the membrane surface. Alkylether carboxylic acid (PEG acid) grafted high flux cellulosic membranes for hemodialysis, in which the polyethylene glycol chain bears an alkyl group at one side and a carboxyl group at the other side, have been developed and evaluated. PEG acid-grafted high flux cellulosic membranes with various grafting amounts have been compared with respect to platelet adhesion, the contact phase of blood coagulation, and complement activation in vitro. A new method of quantitating platelet adhesion on hollow-fiber membrane surfaces has been developed, which is based on the determination of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity after lysis of the adhered platelets. PEG acid-grafted high flux cellulosic membranes showed reduced platelet adhesion and complement activation effects in grafting amounts of 200 ppm or higher without detecting adverse effects up to grafting amounts of 850 ppm. The platelet adhesion of a PEG acid-grafted cellulosic membrane depends on both the flux and grafting amounts of the membrane. It is concluded that the grafting of PEG acid onto a cellulosic membrane improves its biocompatibility as evaluated in terms of platelet adhesion, complement activation, and thrombogenicity.

The biocompatibility and separation performance of antioxidative polysulfone/vitamin E TPGS composite hollow fiber membranes

“…The reaction kinetics was followed up every 5 min at 405 nm using plate reader (Multiskan EX, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., USA). The slope of optical density kinetics gives a measure of the kallikrein-like activity [32,33].…”

Molecular Understanding of Endothelial Cell and Blood Interactions with Bacterial Cellulose: Novel Opportunities for Artificial Blood Vessels

“…The thrombogenicity of a biomaterial is an essential factor for any material that will be in contact with blood. Although the thrombogenic property of cellulose has been extensively researched as it has been used for haemodialysis membranes (Fushimi et al, 1998;Mao et al, 2004), the thrombogenicity of BC remains undetermined because it is a relatively new material for vessel grafts. Therefore, one of our studies focussed on delineating the blood compatibility of BC in comparison with ePTFE and PET vascular grafts, which are both used clinically as graft material (Fink et al, 2011b).…”

“…Interestingly, platelet activation is low even when complement activation is high. According to the literature, platelet consumption and complement activation are closely related (Fushimi et al, 1998;Hamad et al, 2008;Peerschke et al, 2006;Gyongyossy-Issa et al, 1994).…”

Preventing Biofilm Formation on Biomedical Surfaces

“…As discussed previously, PEG, or PEO, is a compound that can be used both for improving biocompatibility and for reducing bacterial adhesion [182][183][184][185][186]. In this section, we discuss the properties of PEO-like coatings obtained by plasma polymerization of DEGDME (CH 3 OCH 2 CH 2 ) 2 O vapor and how their properties can be tuned by changing the deposition parameters [187,188].…”