Platelet Adhesion to Simulated Stented Surfaces

Robaina, Samuel; Jayachandran, Bhavani; He, Yong; Frank, Andreas; Moreno, Michael R.; Schoephoerster, Richard T.; Moore, James E.

doi:10.1583/1545-1550(2003)010<0978:patsss>2.0.co;2

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…20 The observation in this study that platelet deposition is still increasing between the intermediate struts, compared with upstream, may confirm this previous observation. We have also identified distinct flow regions within struts, such as recirculation, reattachment, and separation, and correlated these flow regions with localized platelet deposition in a highly resolved scale.…”

Section: Figure 8 (A) Average Normalized Platelet Deposition Betweensupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In our previous study, platelet deposition on the wall in a 2D stented region was shown to vary significantly with different stent strut spacings. 20 The stent model with the closest spacing (L/H = 2.5) produced the lowest amount of platelet deposition both between stents and on the struts as compared to the intermediate (L/H = 4.0) and widest spacing (L/H = 7.0) models. However, the method used to trace platelets, radioactive labeling, did not provide us with direct observation of the attachment of platelets between the struts, or the spatial distribution of platelets between the struts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details of the methods used and the full results can be found in references. 20,26 The instantaneous streamlines were extracted from the numerical results using CFD-VIEW for comparison with the platelet deposition in this study. A 3D flow model similar to the geometry (i.e., a rectangular parallel plate) used in the experimental setup was used to determine the entrance length from where fully developed flow would occur; the entrance length was 3.8 cm as predicted by the simulation.…”

Section: Cfd Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detailed, highly resolved spatial information from this study will elucidate the exact mechanisms behind the variations in platelet adhesion that were observed in our previous study. 20 The results provide insight into how stent design affects fluid mechanical factors, which in turn affect platelet accumulation and attachment. Subsequent reactions of the artery wall, such as inflammatory responses, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and long-term geometric adaptations, while important to the overall development of restenosis, are beyond the scope of this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 Recently, platelet deposition in a stented chamber was shown by our group to be dependent on the stent strut spacing. 20 The lowest platelet deposition was measured in the model with the lowest strut-strut spacing. However, the study did not provide information on the spatial distribution of platelets between the struts as a result of changing flow patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial Distribution of Platelet Deposition in Stented Arterial Models Under Physiologic Flow

et al. 2005

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This paper presents dynamic flow experiments with fluorescently labeled platelets to allow for spatial observation of wall attachment in inter-strut spacings, to investigate their relationship to flow patterns. Human blood with fluorescently labeled platelets was circulated through an in vitro system that produced physiologic pulsatile flow in a parallel plate flow chamber that contained three different stent designs that feature completely recirculating flow, partially recirculating flow (intermediate strut spacing), and completely reattached flow. Highly resolved spatial distribution of platelets was obtained by imaging fluorescently labeled platelets between the struts. Platelet deposition was higher in areas where flow is directed towards the wall, and lower in areas where flow is directed away from the wall. Flow detachment and reattachment points exhibited very low platelet deposition. Platelet deposition within intermediate strut spacing continued to increase throughout the experimental period, indicating that the deposition rate had not plateaued unlike other strut spacings. The spatial uniformity and temporal increase in platelet deposition for the intermediate strut spacing confirms and helps explain our previous finding that platelet deposition was highest with this strut spacing. Further experimental investigations will include more complex three-dimensional geometries.

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Section: Figure 8 (A) Average Normalized Platelet Deposition Betweensupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cfd Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial Distribution of Platelet Deposition in Stented Arterial Models Under Physiologic Flow

et al. 2005

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A novel polymer for potential use in a trileaflet heart valve

et al. 2006

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A novel polyolefin, poly(styrene-b-isobutylene-b-styrene) (Quatromer), is being proposed as a viable polymer for use in trileaflet heart valves because of its oxidative stability. The current study was designed to assess the polymer's hemocompatibility and mechanical durability. Mechanical characterization included static tensile tests and dynamic tension-tension and bending fatigue tests, where the properties of isotropic and composite (polypropylene (PP) embedded) Quatromer specimens were compared with those of a polyurethane (PUR) approved for cardiovascular applications. It was found that by embedding PP fibers into the Quatromer matrix, the tensile and fatigue properties of the polymer could be improved, making them comparable, if not better than the PUR. The thrombotic potential of Quatromer was compared with the PUR, glutaraldehyde-fixed porcine valve material, and a positive and negative control by measuring platelet deposition with radiolabeled platelets in a parallel plate flow configuration. The porcine valve material was found to have significantly higher platelet deposition under all flow regimes, while no significant difference existed between Quatromer and PUR. In conclusion, Quatromer is shown to have suitable hemocompatibility and mechanical durability for use in polymer trileaflet heart valves, and fiber reinforcement can effectively be used to tailor the mechanical properties.

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