Platelet adhesiveness in diabetes mellitus

Shaw, Sidney; Pegrum, G. D.; Wolff, S; Ashton, W.L.

doi:10.1136/jcp.20.6.845

Cited by 58 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Our results also support the hypothesis that, especially under stimulated conditions, decreased NOS activity and hence NO biosynthesis in platelets from Type 2 diabetic patients increase platelet adhesiveness [21,22] and hypersensitivity to aggregating agents seen in this condition [23,24,25].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Nitric oxide generation mediated by ?-adrenoceptors is impaired in platelets from patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Queen

Goubareva

et al. 2003

Diabetologia

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Aims/hypothesis. Type 2 diabetic patients have been shown to have reduced basal platelet nitric oxide synthase activity, which is a possible contributor to the vascular complications seen in the disease. We investigated platelet nitric oxide generation stimulated by β-adrenoceptors and adenylyl cyclase in Type 2 diabetic patients and control subjects. Methods. Platelets isolated from blood taken from nine Type 2 diabetic patients and nine healthy control subjects of similar age were treated with isoproterenol 1 µmol/l, forskolin 1 µmol/l or vehicle. Platelet nitric oxide synthase activity was measured by L-[ 3 H]-arginine to L-[ 3 H]-citrulline conversion, cyclic GMP content by radioimmunoassay, and nitric oxide synthase type 3 expression by western blotting. Results. Basal platelet nitric oxide synthase activity was lower in diabetic patients than in control subjects (0.01±0.02 pmol L-citrulline/10 8 platelets, compared with 0.12±0.05; p<0.05), although no corresponding difference was seen in basal platelet cyclic GMP (0.61±0.39 and 0.13±0.22 pmol cyclic GMP/10 8 platelets respectively; p=0.37). In control subjects isoproterenol 1 µmol/l and forskolin 1 µmol/l increased platelet nitric oxide synthase activity (to 0.27±0.08 and 0.27±0.07 pmol L-citrulline/10 8 platelets respectively; p<0.05 for each in comparison with basal) and cyclic GMP (to 1.84±0.41 and 1.86±0.48; p<0.05 for each in comparison with basal). This effect was not achieved in diabetic patients. Isoproterenol-and forskolin-stimulated cyclic GMP correlated inversely with plasma glucose and HbA 1c . Platelet nitric oxide synthase type 3 expression was not different in control and diabetic subjects and was not changed by acute exposure of platelets to isoproterenol. Conclusions/interpretation. Nitric oxide generation stimulated by β-adrenoceptors and adenylyl cyclase is impaired in platelets of people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, with no corresponding change in nitric oxide synthase type 3 expression. It is possible that this impairment contributes to the thrombotic and atherosclerotic complications of Type 2 diabetes. [Diabetologia (2003[Diabetologia ( ) 46:1474[Diabetologia ( -1482

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Nitric oxide generation mediated by ?-adrenoceptors is impaired in platelets from patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Queen

Goubareva

et al. 2003

Diabetologia

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“…Adhesion, aggregation, and secretion of platelets are involved in constituting blood coagulation. Hypercoagulability in diabetes is said to be due to enhanced platelet adhesiveness and aggregation (Shaw, Pegrum, Wolff and Ashton 1967;Mayne, Bredges and Weaver 1970). However, there are very few reports referring to platelet secretion in diabetics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Sensitivity of Platelets to Prostacyclin in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 1983

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In order to ascertain the platelet sensitivity to prostacyclin (PGI2) in patients with diabetes mellitus, we determined the percentage inhibition of platelet aggregation and platelet ATP secretion following PGI2 addition in an in vitro system. The percentage inhibition of platelet aggregation caused by PGI2 in final concentration of 1.25, 2.5, or 5.0 ng/ml was significantly lower in diabetics than in healthy controls. That of platelet ATP secretion by 1.25 or 2.5 ng/ml of PGI2 was also significantly lower in diabetics. These data suggested that in patients with diabetes mellitus, the decreased sensitivity of platelets to PGI2 will bring about hypercoagulability and may become one of the risk factors of diabetic microangiopathy in cooperation with lowered vascular PGI2 generation.

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“…In addition, platelet stickiness, a classic indicator of sugar chemistries and glycation, is a common feature of the dehydration which follows the consumption of alcohol [98]. It is an indicator of platelet aggregation [99,100] which can potentially lead to the onset of cardiovascular complications.…”

Section: Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

pH is a Neurally Regulated Physiological System. Increased Acidity Alters Protein Conformation and Cell Morphology and is a Significant Factor in the Onset of Diabetes and Other Common Pathologies

Ewing¹

2012

Open Sys Biol J

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Abstract:Background: The body's physiological stability is maintained by the influence of the autonomic nervous system and the dynamic interaction of the organ systems which regulate all aspects of the body's function. These physiological systems and their function have been overlooked by the genetic paradigm. A better understanding of these systems may lead to an improved understanding of the fundamental relationship involving sense perception, neural function and organ networks, and cellular and molecular biology. This article follows earlier articles by the author which illustrate that sleep, blood pressure and blood glucose are neurally regulated physiological systems. Aims:The purpose of this article is to discuss how Grakov's mathematical model of the physiological systems (i) influences the contemporary understanding of the processes which regulate the pH in biological systems i.e. that pH is a neurally regulated physiological system; (ii) is a significant factor in the emergence of changes to cell morphology and, ultimately, the onset of pathologies; and (iii) involves environmental factors more commonly associated with phenotype.Results: It considers the fundamental role played by pH e.g. regulating the levels and redox state of minerals, protein conformation, the activation of proteins and enzymes, and how this influences metabolic function. It considers the consequences of increased acidity, in particular from alcoholic beverages and acidified soft drinks, and how this influences the processes which regulate the body's physiological stability. Conclusions:The article concludes that the body's impaired ability to regulate its acidity, exascerbated by the consumption of highly acidic beverages, is a considerably underestimated factor in the subsequent development and onset of many common pathologies e.g. diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, alzheimer's disease, cancers, etc. Keywords:Cognitive, neuroregulation, top-down, systems biology, physiological systems. BACKGROUNDThe laws of chemistry characterise every chemical reaction. The prevailing reaction conditions influence the rate at which each reaction proceeds. In this article we consider whether the significance of pH has been significantly overlooked in biomedical research.Changes to the pH of a biochemical system or reaction often influences the structure of chemical components, their level, and subsequently the rate at which these components react. This determines the redox state of minerals; their ability to complex with DNA; their ability to activate enzymatic reactions; and their ability to be filtered and/or eliminated from the body. Altered pH influences protein conformation and the ability of proteins to react. It influences the characteristics of epigenetic reactions such as methylation, histone de-acetylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, etc.The body's homeostasis is maintained by neuroregulation of the various organ networks. These multiple physiological systems, their nature and structure, and the factors which *Address correspondence t...

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Platelet adhesiveness in diabetes mellitus

Cited by 58 publications

References 7 publications

Nitric oxide generation mediated by ?-adrenoceptors is impaired in platelets from patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Nitric oxide generation mediated by ?-adrenoceptors is impaired in platelets from patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Decreased Sensitivity of Platelets to Prostacyclin in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

pH is a Neurally Regulated Physiological System. Increased Acidity Alters Protein Conformation and Cell Morphology and is a Significant Factor in the Onset of Diabetes and Other Common Pathologies

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