Platelet-derived microparticles analysis: Techniques, challenges and recommendations

Kailashiya, Jyotsna

doi:10.1016/j.ab.2018.01.030

Cited by 36 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Since the refractive index of polystyrene beads is higher than that of MPs, size determination may be affected. Common MP phenotypes measured in plasma are platelet MPs (CD41, CD42a), endothelial‐MPs (CD146, CD144, CD62E) and leucocyte‐MPs (CD45, CD14, CD15, CD4) …”

Section: Assay Of Microparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…50 Since the refractive index of polystyrene beads is higher than that of MPs, size determination may be affected. Common MP phenotypes measured in plasma are platelet MPs (CD41, CD42a), 51 endothelial-MPs (CD146, CD144, CD62E) 52 and leucocyte-MPs (CD45, CD14, CD15, CD4). 53 In the assay of MPs, the presence of surface PS is often used to identify particles by staining with annexin V or lactadherin ( Figure 2).…”

Section: Assay Of Microparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microparticles as autoantigens in systemic lupus erythematosus

Mobarrez

Svenungsson

Pisetsky

2018

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of antibodies to components of the cell nucleus (antinuclear antibodies or ANAs) and the formation of immune complexes with nuclear antigens. These complexes can drive pathogenesis by depositing in the tissue to incite inflammation or induce cytokine production by cells of the innate immune system. While ANAs can bind to purified nuclear molecules, nuclear autoantigens in vivo most likely exist attached to other molecules or embedded in larger structures. Among these structures, microparticles (MPs) are membrane bound vesicles that are released from dead and dying cells by a blebbing process; MPs can also be released during activation of platelets. The presence of MPs in the blood or tissue culture media can be assayed by flow cytometry on the basis of light scattering as well as binding of marker antibodies to identify the cell of origin. As shown by biochemical analyses, MPs contain an ensemble of intracellular components including nuclear, cytoplasmic and membrane molecules. Because of the display of these molecules on the particle surface or in an otherwise accessible form, ANAs, including anti-DNA, can bind to particles. Levels of MPs are increased in the blood of patients with SLE, with flow cytometry demonstrating the presence of IgG-containing particles. In addition to forming immune complexes, MPs can directly stimulate immune responses. Together, these findings suggest an important role of particles in the pathogenesis of SLE and their utility as biomarkers.

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Section: Assay Of Microparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assay Of Microparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microparticles as autoantigens in systemic lupus erythematosus

Mobarrez

Svenungsson

Pisetsky

2018

Eur J Clin Investigation

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“…Regarding the size, there are several classes of EVs, including exosomes (20–100 nm), microvesicles (MVs; 100–1000 nm), and apoptotic bodies (1–5 μm) . Almost 80% of circulating MVs, also called plasma‐derived microparticules, originate from platelets . Indeed, EVs have been related to cellular activation and dysfunction, angiogenesis, cell‐to‐cell communication, inflammation, and several diseases such as cancer, CVD, and obesity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Combination of Proteomic Approaches Identifies A Panel of Circulating Extracellular Vesicle Proteins Related to the Risk of Suffering Cardiovascular Disease in Obese Patients

et al. 2018

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Plasma‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been extensively described as putative biomarkers in different diseases. Interestingly, increased levels of EVs subpopulations are well known to associate with obesity. The goal of this study is to identify EVs‐derived biomarkers in plasma from obese patients in order to predict the development of pathological events associated with obesity. Samples are obtained from 22 obese patients and their lean‐matched controls are divided into two cohorts: one for a 2D fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D‐DIGE)‐based study, and the other one for a label free LC–MS/MS‐based approach. EVs are isolated following a serial ultracentrifugation protocol. Twenty‐two and 23 differentially regulated features are detected from 2D‐DIGE and label free LC–MS/MS, respectively; most of them involve in the coagulation and complement cascades. Remarkably, there is an upregulation of complement C4, complement C3, and fibrinogen in obese patients following both approaches, the latter two also validated by 2D‐western‐blotting in an independent cohort. These results correlate with a proinflammatory and prothrombotic state of those individuals. On the other hand, a downregulation of adiponectin leading to an increased risk of suffering cardiovascular diseases has been shown. The results suggest the relevance of plasma‐derived‐EVs proteins as a source of potential biomarkers for the development of atherothrombotic events in obesity.

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“…The principle of PMP measurement works similarly to platelet activation analysis [39,40]. Most of the same fluorescent antibodies such as PAC1, P-selectin, and CD41 are used for differentiating resting platelets from activated platelets and PMPs.…”

Section: Flow Cytometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, to prevent counting small platelets or debris as PMPs, gating should be carefully adjusted. Silica beads, for example, can be used to establish a gating range fitting for PMPs [39]. Besides, careful consideration needs to be given to pre-analytical errors during sample collection and processing.…”

Section: Flow Cytometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenols: Modulators of Platelet Function and Platelet Microparticle Generation?

Nignpense

Chinkwo

Blanchard

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Platelets and platelet microparticles (PMPs) play a key role in the pathophysiology of vascular disorders such as coronary artery disease and stroke. In atherosclerosis, for example, the disruption of the plaque exposes endogenous agonists such as collagen, which activates platelets. Platelet hyper-activation and the high levels of PMPs generated in such situations pose a thrombotic risk that can lead to strokes or myocardial infarctions. Interestingly, dietary polyphenols are gaining much attention due to their potential to mimic the antiplatelet activity of treatment drugs such as aspirin and clopidogrel that target the glycoprotein VI (GPVI)–collagen and cyclooxygenease-1 (COX-1)–thromboxane platelet activation pathways respectively. Platelet function tests such as aggregometry and flow cytometry used to monitor the efficacy of antiplatelet drugs can also be used to assess the antiplatelet potential of dietary polyphenols. Despite the low bioavailability of polyphenols, several in vitro and dietary intervention studies have reported antiplatelet effects of polyphenols. This review presents a summary of platelet function in terms of aggregation, secretion, activation marker expression, and PMP release. Furthermore, the review will critically evaluate studies demonstrating the impact of polyphenols on aggregation and PMP release.

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Platelet-derived microparticles analysis: Techniques, challenges and recommendations

Cited by 36 publications

References 68 publications

Microparticles as autoantigens in systemic lupus erythematosus

Microparticles as autoantigens in systemic lupus erythematosus

A Combination of Proteomic Approaches Identifies A Panel of Circulating Extracellular Vesicle Proteins Related to the Risk of Suffering Cardiovascular Disease in Obese Patients

Polyphenols: Modulators of Platelet Function and Platelet Microparticle Generation?

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