Platelet Function

Aj, Marcus

doi:10.1056/nejm196905292802206

Cited by 146 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Approximately 13% of platelet SOD is the manganese-dependent form located in mitochondria (2). The latter finding favors previous contentions that mitochondrial metabolism plays an important role in platelet function (36,40).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Superoxide production and reducing activity in human platelets.

Aj¹,

Silk²,

Safier³

et al. 1977

J. Clin. Invest.

162

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A B S T R A C T Human platelets contain the cuprozinc (cytoplasmic) and manganese (mitochondrial) forms of superoxide dismutase. Nevertheless, superoxide radicals were detectable in the surrounding medium of metabolically viable platelet suspensions by using two assay systems: cytochrome c and nitroblue tetrazolium. The quantity of superoxide generated by platelets (5 x 105 superoxide radicals/platelet per 10 min) was constant and did not increase after aggregation by agents such as collagen and thrombin. The superoxide-generating system was present in the supernate of both aggregated and resting platelets and therefore was not platelet-bound. Platelet superoxide production was unaffected by prior ingestion of aspirin, indicating that the prostaglandin and thromboxane pathways were not involved. Both resting and aggregated platelets exhibited a reductive capacity toward cytochrome c and nitroblue tetrazolium which was unrelated to superoxide production. Furthermore, the aggregation process always resulted in a marked increase in this reduction. The nonsuperoxide reduction associated with aggregation was found to be membrane bound and to decrease with an apparent first order reaction rate (k1 = 0.067 min-'). In addition, accumulative, time-dependent nonsuperoxide-related cytochrome c reduction was also detected. Since there is no superoxide dismutase in plasma, the presence of superoxide radicals in the surrounding medium of platelets may have in vitro significance for platelet and leukocyte concentration and storage and in vivo significance for hemostasis, coagulation, and thrombosis. The nonsuperoxiderelated reducing activities may represent a biochemical basis for platelet-blood vessel interactions, with particular reference to blood vessel integrity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Since thrombin stimulates platelets by a mechanism different from that of collagen (36), experiments on thrombin-induced aggregation were performed. The results obtained were identical to those observed with collagen.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superoxide production and reducing activity in human platelets.

Aj¹,

Silk²,

Safier³

et al. 1977

J. Clin. Invest.

162

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“…22 Although hemostatic defects in uremia are often complex, it is probable that platelet dysfunction is the most consistent and clinically the most important feature. 23 Macrocytosis in chronic hemodialysis patients may be associated with increased mortality. 24 CRF is associated with many kinds of metabolic changes caused by the kidney disease and also attributable to dialysis treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematological changes in patients of chronic renal failure and the effect of hemodialysis on these parameters

2017

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Background: Chronic kidney disease (CRD) is a global public health problem, where slowly progressive deterioration in kidney function lead to numerous hematological and biochemical dysfunction which further make the patients vulnerable to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality if appropriate measures is not taken for their control. The aim of present study was to find out the common hematological dysfunction that may occur in the patients of chronic renal failure (CRF) and in the process of dialysis and suggest appropriate measures for their management.Methods: Forty-two patient with CRF and on regular maintenance dialysis and 40 healthy adults were recruited into the study. Hemoglobin concentration, total red cell count, total white blood cell count and platelet count and ESR were assessed for the subjects and controls. Results were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 version.Results: showed that the RBC count, hemoglobin levels and platelets counts are significantly reduced in the patients of chronic renal failure and the process of hemodialysis further decreases the level of all the above mentioned hematological parameters whereas there is slight increase in total leucocyte count but significant increase in ESR was detected.Conclusions: Chronic renal failure is associated with different degrees of abnormality in hematological parameters that needs careful evaluation and management.

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“…This catalytic function (formerly known as "platelet factor 3") accelerates the intrinsic coagulation pathway. 93 " 95 The formation of thrombin further contributes to platelet activation, and the formation of fibrin adds to the growth and stability of the initial plug of aggregated platelets. 96 Moreover, like fibrin, 97 platelets seem to be involved in the development of atherosclerotic plaques.…”

Section: Antiplatelet Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%