Abstract:Zirconia nanoparticles (ZrO2 NPs) are widely applied in the field of biomedicine. In this study, we constructed a nanoplatform of ZrO2 NPs coated with a platelet membrane (PLTm), named PLT@ZrO2. PLTm nanovesicles camouflage ZrO2 NPs, prevent nanoparticles from being cleared by macrophage, and target tumor sites. Compared to ZrO2 alone, PLT@ZrO2 is better at inhibiting the invasion and metastasis of Hela cells in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, PLT@ZrO2 inhibited the growth and proliferation of Hela cells. Scratch… Show more
“…Cell membranes derived from red blood cells, various immune cells, stem cells or cancer cells are extracted and extruded to form vesicles, which can then be used to coat a variety of payloads such as polymers, contrasting agents, cancer drugs, etc. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. However, in all of the applications mentioned above, the cell membranes are mainly used as carriers of active compounds, and the membrane itself has only been exploited for its biomimetic capability.…”
Plasma membranes host a plethora of proteins and glycans on their outer surface that are exploited by viruses to enter the cells. In this study, we have utilized this property to limit a viral infection using plasma membrane-derived vesicles. We show that plasma membrane-derived liposomes are prophylactically and therapeutically competent at preventing herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) infection. Plasma membrane liposomes derived from human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells, which are natural targets of HSV-1 infection, as well as Vero and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were used in this study. Our study clearly demonstrates that HCE and Vero-derived cellular liposomes, which express the viral entry-specific cell surface protein receptors, exhibit robust antiviral activity especially when compared to CHO-derived liposomes, which lack the relevant HSV-1 entry receptors. Further experimentation of the plasma membrane-derived liposomes with HSV type-2 (HSV-2) and pseudorabies virus yielded similar results, indicating strong potential for the employment of these liposomes to study viral entry mechanisms in a cell free-environment.
“…Cell membranes derived from red blood cells, various immune cells, stem cells or cancer cells are extracted and extruded to form vesicles, which can then be used to coat a variety of payloads such as polymers, contrasting agents, cancer drugs, etc. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. However, in all of the applications mentioned above, the cell membranes are mainly used as carriers of active compounds, and the membrane itself has only been exploited for its biomimetic capability.…”
Plasma membranes host a plethora of proteins and glycans on their outer surface that are exploited by viruses to enter the cells. In this study, we have utilized this property to limit a viral infection using plasma membrane-derived vesicles. We show that plasma membrane-derived liposomes are prophylactically and therapeutically competent at preventing herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) infection. Plasma membrane liposomes derived from human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells, which are natural targets of HSV-1 infection, as well as Vero and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were used in this study. Our study clearly demonstrates that HCE and Vero-derived cellular liposomes, which express the viral entry-specific cell surface protein receptors, exhibit robust antiviral activity especially when compared to CHO-derived liposomes, which lack the relevant HSV-1 entry receptors. Further experimentation of the plasma membrane-derived liposomes with HSV type-2 (HSV-2) and pseudorabies virus yielded similar results, indicating strong potential for the employment of these liposomes to study viral entry mechanisms in a cell free-environment.
“…Another study used PLTMNPs to treat metastatic cervical cancer. P-selectin and CD47 on PLTM enable PLTMNPs to target subcutaneous and metastatic tumors, escape phagocytosis by Mø, effectively inhibit tumor invasion and metastasis, and avoid causing hematotoxicity [ 114 ]. These studies showed that PLTMNPs can not only avoid immune system clearance but also effectively target CTCs through their membrane surface, efficiently delivering anti-tumor drugs.…”
Section: Characteristics Of Different Cell Membranesmentioning
“… 37 Compared to uncoated particles, the platelet membrane-cloaked nanoparticles have reduced cellular uptake by macrophage-like cells, thus reducing their clearance and extending the circulation time. 35 , 38 Introducing additional elements onto the outer surface of NPs to add extra functionality via polymer tethers enable anticancer drug to be most absorbed and utilized by targeted tissues, and further improve the common advantages of platelets and traditional synthetic nanoparticles. Figure 2 Schematic illustration of the mechanism of enhanced anticancer activity of DOX-platelet through “tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation”.…”
Cancers have always been an intractable problem because of recurrence and drug resistance. In the past few decades, nanoparticles have been explored intensely to diagnose, prevent and treat malignancy due to their good penetrability and better targeting. However, most nanocarriers have poor biodegradation and can be discharged out of the body quickly or cleared by immune cells while failing to obtain effective drug concentration at the specific sites. The emergence of biological membrane encapsulation technology relieves the fast clearance of antitumor drugs and reduces toxicity in vivo. This review will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of several blood cell membrane-coated nanoparticles and further introduce exosome-carried drugs to evidence the promising prospect of biomimetic nanoparticle drug delivery systems.
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