Platelet Monoamine Oxidase Activity: Demographic Characteristics Contribute to Enzyme Activity Variability

Tp, Bridge; Bj, Soldo; Bh, Phelps; Cd, Wise; Mj, Francak; Rj, Wyatt

doi:10.1093/geronj/40.1.23

Cited by 50 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Our interpretation of the results is that they indicate that the long allele, ie [CAAA] 5 , of the human AP-2␤ gene is implicated in binge-eating disorder, and that the results also support previous data on a connection between AP-2␤ intron 2 genotype and catalytic activity of trbc MAO.…”

Section: Transcription Factor Ap-2␤ and Binge-eating Disordersupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The outcome of this study showed that several personality traits were significantly associated with AP-2␤ genotype. The observed frequencies of genotypes in our sample were [CAAA] 5 13.9%. In the present sample, simple regression analyses did not reveal any significant correMolecular Psychiatry lation between age or gender of the subjects and any of the personality traits that were estimated by the KSP.…”

Section: Transcription Factor Ap-2␤ and Personalitymentioning

confidence: 77%

“…3 The enzyme activity is stable during lifetime, however with a possible minor increase after the age of 40. [4][5][6] Several family and twin studies have shown a high degree of heritability, and in the study of Pedersen et al 7 a heritability factor of about 0.75 was found for both males and females. Low trbc MAO has, in clinical studies, been shown to correlate with personality characteristics such as sensation seeking, impulsiveness and monotony avoidance.…”

Section: Thrombocyte Monoamine Oxidase As a Biological Markermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic mechanisms of behavior—don't forget about the transcription factors

et al. 2001

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Major changes in psychiatric phenotypes due to genetic factors are seldom the result of single gene polymorphisms, but more often the result of several genetic mechanisms. In this millennium article we discuss the notion that the expression of numerous candidate genes could be regulated by the same transcription factors, and that polymorphisms in transcription factor genes might explain some phenotypes. We describe recent results of studies on the biological marker thrombocyte monoamine oxidase (trbc MAO) and the transcription factor AP-2␤. Low levels of trbc MAO is associated with temperamental characteristics such as sensation seeking and impulsiveness, and the enzyme is genetically regulated by specific transcriptional mechanisms. Transcription factor AP-2␤ is important for the development of midbrain structures and AP-2␤ has several binding sites in the regulatory regions of genes encoding key proteins in the monoamine transmitter systems. We have recently shown AP-2␤ to be linked to personality, binge-eating disorder, treatment with antidepressant drugs, and also to trbc MAO. Regardless of whether transcriptions factors, such as AP-2␤, regulate the expression of eg, the number of monoamine neurons or a variety of candidate genes within the monoamine systems, or both, we would like to emphasize the role of transcription factors, besides polymorphisms in monoaminergic candidate genes, when explaining inter-individual differences in temperament and psychiatric vulnerability. Molecular Psychiatry (2001) 6, 503-510.

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Section: Transcription Factor Ap-2␤ and Binge-eating Disordersupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Transcription Factor Ap-2␤ and Personalitymentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Thrombocyte Monoamine Oxidase As a Biological Markermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic mechanisms of behavior—don't forget about the transcription factors

et al. 2001

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“…Although there are some indications of an age influence on platelet MAO activity [30]. most authors who have investigated large samples agree that there is no large or consistent change [31,32], Of relevance for the present study, if the results of Bridge et al [30] are taken into consideration, is that the influence of age on MAO was negligible in their study within an age range from 20 to approximately 40 years.…”

Section: Determination O F Platelet Mao Activitymentioning

confidence: 55%

Exploring the Connections between Platelet Monoamine Oxidase Activity and Behavior

Klinteberg

Hallman²,

Oreland³

et al. 1992

Neuropsychobiology

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Platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and serum levels of the adrenal androgen metabolite dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHAS) were measured in 18 male air force pilot recruits and 19 randomly selected male conscripts. Personality scales from three inventories were given, and computerized neuropsychological tests were performed: finger tapping and alternation, reaction time, perceptual maze, perspective fluctuation and lexical decision. The pilot recruits had higher scores in sensation-seeking-related scales suggesting disin-hibited behavior in the social sphere, interest in sports and activities involving some danger, and a need for change. They also had higher scores on an impulsivity scale which comprises sensation-seeking content. In the neuropsychological tasks, the pilot recruits were faster in finger-tapping alternation and performed more efficiently in the perceptual-maze test than the conscripts. In a linear discriminant analysis, neuropsychological-task performance discriminated significantly between the pilot and conscript groups. In the biochemical measures, the pilot recruits had higher DHAS levels but similar MAO activity levels compared to the conscripts, which is in contrast to what has been found in other sensation-seeking groups in comparison to controls. This result is in accordance with the normal scores in one of the impulsivity scales in the pilot recruits, and with the absence of signs of disinhibition in neuropsychological tasks. It is proposed that only some aspects of the impulsivity concept might be critical for the association with low MAO activity.

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“…The activity of MAO is genetically determined [22], and twin studies suggest a minimum heritability of 0.75 for platelet MAO activity [23]. Some studies show that individual platelet MAO activity is also quite stable over time [6,24], but this has been questioned by others [25,26]. MAO activity has been advocated as a possible vulnerability marker for alcoholism [27][28][29], although more recent studies in alcoholic families failed to show any clear pattern [30].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet Monoamine Oxidase Activity in Alcoholics with and without a Family History of Alcoholism

Soyka¹,

Bondy²,

E³

et al. 2000

Eur Addict Res

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A number of studies point at platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity being reduced in alcoholics with a family history of drinking, this being a possible vulnerability marker for alcoholism. To test this hypothesis, we examined a group of recently detoxified alcoholics with high (n = 25) and low genetic loading for alcoholism (n = 28) and a group of healthy controls (n = 21). Clinical assessments were made using the SCID II interview for psychiatric disorders, the Family History Assessment Module and the Semi-Structural Assessment of Genetics in Alcoholism, a questionnaire especially designed for genetic studies. Platelet MAO activity with and without ethanol stimulation and the percentage of MAO activity with ethanol did not differ between groups. The only significant difference was a lower inhibition of MAO activity with ethanol in alcoholics both with and without a family history compared to controls. In patients with antisocial personality traits, platelet MAO activity was also not found to be different from other alcoholics. Our findings question the hypothesis of reduced platelet MAO activity to be a possible vulnerability marker for alcoholism.

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Platelet Monoamine Oxidase Activity: Demographic Characteristics Contribute to Enzyme Activity Variability

Cited by 50 publications

References 0 publications

Genetic mechanisms of behavior—don't forget about the transcription factors

Genetic mechanisms of behavior—don't forget about the transcription factors

Exploring the Connections between Platelet Monoamine Oxidase Activity and Behavior

Platelet Monoamine Oxidase Activity in Alcoholics with and without a Family History of Alcoholism

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