Platelet-rich plasma and ovarian quiescence: a bovine in vitro model for regeneration of the ovary

Abstract

Context Ovarian quiescence can be due to hormonal deficiency usually caused by apoptosis of granulosa cells responsible for oestrogen synthesis. Aim This study evaluated the regenerative effect of platelet rich plasma (PRP) on bovine in vitro models to understand its effect on granulosa cells. Methods Quiescent and healthy ovarian sections were cultured in the presence/absence of PRP for 72 h and, at different times (0, 24, 48 and 72 h), hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical detection of Ki-67 were performed. Additionally, granulosa cells collected from healthy bovine ovaries were stressed with 100 ng/mL of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in presence/absence of PRP and evaluated at 0, 4, 8 and 24 h for apoptosis by acridine orange and propidium iodide staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests were performed to evaluate oestrogen (E2) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations on cultures of ovarian slices and granulosa cells. Key results In slides of quiescent ovaries treated with PRP, a marked and widespread positivity to Ki-67 was expressed by 40–60% of the follicular wall cells at 48 h of culture. Levels of E2 and AMH were significantly higher compared to untreated quiescent samples reaching the levels of healthy control samples. PRP counteracted the LPS effect and apoptosis (at 24 h, there were 93.44 ± 3.51% live cells with LPS + PRP compared to 37 ± 1.32% with LPS) and significantly increased concentrations of E2 and AMH. Conclusions PRP can stimulate granulosa cell proliferation and counteract inflammatory processes in vitro. Implications This treatment could improve the reproductive ability of quiescent females.

Effect of Double-Ovsynch and Presynch-Ovsynch on postpartum ovarian cysts and inactive ovary in high-yielding dairy cows

“…Progesterone can increase blood flow to the uterus and follicles, thereby stimulating the ovaries to resume their activity cycle ( 37 ). Besides hormone therapy, cow-derived platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has demonstrated therapeutic effects on inactive ovaries, albeit with a longer duration ( 16 , 22 ). In actual fact, following a 4-week injection of PRP into the ovaries, increased progesterone levels can be observed ( 22 ).…”

“…In clinical practice, inactive ovary is known by various terms, including inactive-static ovary ( 13 ), ovarian hypofunction ( 14 , 15 ), and ovarian quiescence ( 16 ). Diagnostic criteria for ovarian quiescence include the absence of follicles larger than 7 or 10 mm on both ovaries, the absence of corpus luteum, as well as a duration exceeding 7 days.…”

The effect of ovarian injection of autologous platelet rich plasma in patients with poor ovarian responder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…In addition, Lange Conglio et al. treated ovarian slices on slides with PRP and found that at 48 hours of cultivation, 40-60% of follicular wall cells expressed significant and widespread Ki-67 positivity, and after using PRP, E2 and AMH levels were significantly higher, revealing that PRP can stimulate granulosa cell proliferation and play a role in combating inflammation ( 60 ). Studies in various fields have found that PRP can promote cell proliferation and migration ( 61 , 62 ), angiogenesis ( 63 , 64 ), and reduce inflammatory reactions, oxidative stress, and aging ( 65 , 66 ).…”

“…Fausto Cremonesi et al found that applying autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) to the left ovary of cows before superovulation helped increase the number of follicles after gonadotropin therapy, thereby promoting the recovery of donor cow embryos (58) months of treatment, they found that administering PRP to the ovaries improved ovarian function and believed that this may be achieved by reducing follicular atresia or restoring dormant oocytes, thereby restoring fertility (59). In addition, Lange Conglio et al treated ovarian slices on slides with PRP and found that at 48 hours of cultivation, 40-60% of follicular wall cells expressed significant and widespread Ki-67 positivity, and after using PRP, E2 and AMH levels were significantly higher, revealing that PRP can stimulate granulosa cell proliferation and play a role in combating inflammation (60). Studies in various fields have found that PRP can promote cell proliferation and migration (61,62), angiogenesis (63, 64), and reduce inflammatory reactions, oxidative stress, and aging (65,66).…”

Clinical Application of Platelet Concentrates in Bovine Practice: A Systematic Review

“…While numerous studies have investigated the in vitro effects of PRP [ 13 , 14 , 19 , 21 ], translating these findings into effective in vivo applications remains a subject of ongoing research and debate. The present study seeks to address this gap in the literature by systematically reviewing the existing body of knowledge regarding the in vivo utilisation of bovine PRP (PRP) within the same specimens.…”