Platelets

Sellers, Stephanie; Gulsin, Gaurav S; Zaminski, Devyn; Bing, Rong; Latib, Azeem; Sathananthan, Janarthanan; Bouchareb, Rihab

doi:10.1016/j.jacbts.2021.07.008

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…NETS could also serve as scaffolds for thrombus assembly and recruit platelets [32], promoting the formation of thrombosis in valve lea et to exacerbate AS. In addition to participating in thrombosis, activated platelets recruited proin ammatory cells to further aggravate the in ammatory stimulation [33] and promote the osteogenic programming of aortic valve [34]. Thus, both neutrophils and platelets were important participants in AS, and their numbers were signi cantly upregulated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic immune-inflammation index predicted clinical outcome in patients with aortic stenosis

Tang

Zha

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is a novel inflammatory-related biomarker, and we aim to explore whether it can predict the poor prognosis of patients with aortic stenosis (AS). Methods The detailed data of patients with AS were extracted from the MIMIC-IV database. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) and COX regression analyses were used to reveal the potential association between SII and all-cause mortalities. Propensity score matching (PSM), inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), and subgroup analyses were conducted to validate our findings. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the performance of SII prognostic model. Results 839 patients were included in the study cohort. RCS analysis elucidated that the death risk of patients was gradually elevated with the increase of SII. Multivariate-adjusted 30-day (HR: 2.130; 95% CI: 1.167–3.885), 90-day (HR:1.644; 95% CI: 1.059–2.552) and 1-year (HR: 1.634; 95% CI: 1.136–2.350) all-cause mortalities were significantly higher in patients with high SII, which remained robust after PSM, IPTW, and subgroup analyses. The area under the ROC curve of SII (AUC: 0.727; 95% CI: 0.683–0.771) was superior to that of SOFA (AUC: 0.577; 95% CI: 0.525–0.629) and SAPSII (AUC: 0.681; 95% CI: 0.638–0.724) scores. Conclusion For patients with AS, SII was an independent predictor of elevated short-and long-term all-cause mortalities, with good predictive capability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic immune-inflammation index predicted clinical outcome in patients with aortic stenosis

Tang

Zha

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…42 Altogether, platelet activation, thrombin release, TGF-β1 release, and increased wall shear stress mediate leaflet thrombosis. 41,43 Bioprosthetic valve thrombosis may progress to structural valve deterioration. Among thrombotic explanted THVs, histological analysis revealed a…”

Section: Biological: Hematologic and Immunologic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Platelet-mediated TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor β1) is linked to aortic valve mineralization and calcification, which increases wall shear stress in bioprosthetic valves. 41 Higher wall shear stress exposes P-selectin surfaces on previously activated platelets, thereby allowing larger platelet leukocyte aggregations to form. 42 Altogether, platelet activation, thrombin release, TGF-β1 release, and increased wall shear stress mediate leaflet thrombosis.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Thrombosis: Biologi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Thrombosis: Definitions, Clinical Impact, and Management: A State-of-the-Art Review

Chitturi,

Aladin,

Braun

et al. 2024

Circ: Cardiovascular Interventions

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Bioprosthetic aortic valve thrombosis is frequently detected after transcatheter and surgical aortic valve replacement due to advances in cardiac computed tomography angiography technology and standardized surveillance protocols in low-surgical-risk transcatheter aortic valve replacement trials. However, evidence is limited concerning whether subclinical leaflet thrombosis leads to clinical adverse events or premature structural valve deterioration. Furthermore, there may be net harm in the form of bleeding from aggressive antithrombotic treatment in patients with subclinical leaflet thrombosis. This review will discuss the incidence, mechanisms, diagnosis, and optimal management of bioprosthetic aortic valve thrombosis after transcatheter aortic valve replacement and bioprosthetic surgical aortic valve replacement.

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“…Prosthetic valves are subject to dysfunction or failure from a variety of mechanisms 1–4 . Due to the chronic nature of device fatigue and degeneration, it can be many years before mechanisms of failure of a valve become clear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prosthetic valves are subject to dysfunction or failure from a variety of mechanisms. [1][2][3][4] Due to the chronic nature of device fatigue and degeneration, it can be many years before mechanisms of failure of a valve become clear. Accordingly, one of the challenges of incorporating a new valve prosthesis into clinical practice is lack of insight into its expected durability or likely mechanisms of dysfunction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction associated with neointimal tissue accumulation and distortion of the Harmony TPV25 stent frame: Potential mechanisms and treatment

Steinberg,

Cabalka,

Balzer

et al. 2023

Cathet Cardio Intervent

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BackgroundThe Harmony TPV25 transcatheter pulmonary valve (Medtronic Inc.) is constructed with a self‐expanding stent frame comprising six zigged nitinol wires sewn together and covered with knitted polyester fabric, with flared inflow and outflow ends and a porcine pericardial valve sutured to the central portion of the device. It was approved for treatment of pulmonary regurgitation after prior right ventricular outflow tract repair in 2021. Early outcomes of this procedure have been excellent, but little is known about valve durability or ultimate mechanisms of dysfunction.MethodsWe collected data on patients who underwent reintervention for TPV25 dysfunction and described findings related to distortion of the stent frame and tissue accumulation.ResultsWe describe six patients who underwent valve‐in‐valve implant for TPV25 obstruction (peak catheterization gradient peak 28–73 mmHg) 10–28 months after implant. In all cases, there was tissue accumulation within the inflow and valve‐housing segments of the device and deformation of the self‐expanding valve frame characterized by variable circumferential narrowing at the junction between the valve housing and the inflow and outflow portions of the device, with additional geometric changes in all segments. All six patients underwent valve‐in‐valve implant that results in a final peak gradient ≤10 mmHg and no regurgitation.DiscussionThe occurrence of short‐term Harmony TPV25 dysfunction in multiple patients with a similar appearance of frame distortion and tissue accumulation within the inflow and valve housing portions of the device suggests that this may be an important failure mechanism for this valve. Potential causes of the observed findings are discussed. It is possible to treat this mechanism of TPV25 dysfunction with valve‐in‐valve implant using balloon expandable transcatheter valves.

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Platelets

Abstract: Highlights Activated platelets are associated with AS. Platelets are a player in bioprosthetic valve dysfunction. Randomized trials have assessed clinical outcomes with various antiplatelet/anticoagulation strategies in patients undergoing TAVR.

Cited by 17 publications

References 66 publications

Systemic immune-inflammation index predicted clinical outcome in patients with aortic stenosis

Systemic immune-inflammation index predicted clinical outcome in patients with aortic stenosis

Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Thrombosis: Definitions, Clinical Impact, and Management: A State-of-the-Art Review

Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction associated with neointimal tissue accumulation and distortion of the Harmony TPV25 stent frame: Potential mechanisms and treatment

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