Platelets and Infections

Albu, Daniel Emil; Copotoiu, Monica; Szmuk, Peter; Copotoiu, Sanda Maria

doi:10.2478/rrlm-2018-0037

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Additionally, coagulation disorders in COVID-19 are not similar to those of sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation, which is primarily characterized by microthrombosis development [28]. Platelets are important players not only in hemostasis but also in inflammation and immune processes [29]. Thrombocytopenia occurs in viral infections secondary to immune-mediated pathways, intravascular disseminated coagulation, or micro/thrombi development [29,30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Platelets are important players not only in hemostasis but also in inflammation and immune processes [29]. Thrombocytopenia occurs in viral infections secondary to immune-mediated pathways, intravascular disseminated coagulation, or micro/thrombi development [29,30]. Up to one-fifth of COVID-19 patients present thrombocytopenia, and the platelet number is associated with disease prognosis and amelioration with subsequent recovery [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antiphospholipid Antibodies Occurrence in Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection without Overt Thrombosis

et al. 2023

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We sought to determine the prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) and their correlation with COVID-19 severity (in terms of clinical and laboratory parameters) in patients without thrombotic events during the early phase of infection. This was a cross-sectional study with the inclusion of hospitalized COVID-19 patients from a single department during the COVID-19 pandemic (April 2020–May 2021). Previous known immune disease or thrombophilia along with long-term anticoagulation and patients with overt arterial or venous thrombosis during SARS-CoV-2 infection were excluded. In all cases, data on four criteria for aPL were collected, namely lupus anticoagulant (LA), IgM and IgG anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL), as well as IgG anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI). One hundred and seventy-nine COVID-19 patients were included, with a mean age of 59.6 (14.5) years and a sex ratio of 0.8 male: female. LA was positive in 41.9%, while it was strongly positive in 4.5%; aCL IgM was found in 9.5%, aCL IgG in 4.5%, and aβ2GPI IgG in 1.7% of the sera tested. Clinical correlation: LA was more frequently expressed in severe COVID-19 cases than in moderate or mild cases (p = 0.027). Laboratory correlation: In univariate analysis, LA levels were correlated with D-dimer (p = 0.016), aPTT (p = 0.001), ferritin (p = 0.012), C-reactive protein (CRP) (p = 0.027), lymphocyte (p = 0.040), and platelet (p < 0.001) counts. However, in the multivariate analysis, only the CRP levels correlated with LA positivity: OR (95% CI) 1.008 (1.001–1.016), p = 0.042. LA was the most common aPL identified in the acute phase of COVID-19 and was correlated with infection severity in patients without overt thrombosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiphospholipid Antibodies Occurrence in Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection without Overt Thrombosis

et al. 2023

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“…In our study, significantly higher concentrations of platelet basic protein (PBP) were observed in subjects with stroke, which was consistent with the results of studies by Rex et al who proved an increased release of PBP during thrombin activation of platelets [ 58 ]. A few reports on platelet basic protein have indicated its multidirectional effects, i.e., it participates in the formation of inflammation; acts as a bactericide; and participates in angiogenesis, hemostasis, and clot formation [ 59 , 60 ]. PBP, after posttranslational modification, forms, among others, connective tissue activating peptide III (CTAP-III), neutrophil-1 activating peptide (NAP-2), β-thrombomodulin, and thrombocydine [ 61 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet-Derived Drug Targets and Biomarkers of Ischemic Stroke—The First Dynamic Human LC-MS Proteomic Study

Gawryś¹,

Turek-Jakubowska²,

Gawryś

et al. 2022

JCM

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(1) Objective: The aim of this dynamic LC-MS (liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry) human platelet proteomic study was to identify the potential proteins candidates for biomarkers of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), their changes during the acute phase of stroke and to define potential novel drug targets. (2) Methods: A total of 32 patients (18–80 years old) were investigated that presented symptoms of AIS lasting less than 24 h from the onset, confirmed by neurological examination and/or new cerebral ischemia visualized in the CT (computed-tomography) scans. The analysis of platelet proteome was performed using LC-MS at baseline, and then on the third and seventh day from the onset of symptoms. The control group was demographically matched without any clinical signs of acute brain injury. (3) Results: The differences between platelets, at 24 h after first symptoms of stroke subjects and the control group included: β-amyloid A4 and amyloid-like protein 2, coactosin-like protein, thymidine phosphorylase 4 (TYMP-4), interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), vitamin K-dependent protein S, histone proteins (H2A type 1 and 1-A, H2A types 2B and J, H2Av, -z, and -x), and platelet basic protein. The dynamic changes in the platelet protein concentration involved thrombospondin-1, thrombospondin-2, filamin A, B, and C. (4) Conclusions: This is the first human dynamic LC-MS proteomic study that differentiates platelet proteome in the acute phase of ischemic stroke in time series and compares the results with healthy controls. Identified proteins may be considered as future markers of ischemic stroke or therapeutic drug targets. Thymidine phosphorylase 4 (TYMP-4) holds promise as an interesting drug target in the management or prevention of ischemic stroke.

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“…Although platelets have been traditionally evaluated for their central role in the hemostatic process, several studies have supported their involvement in the acute phase response, in which IL-6 production underlies the increase in thrombopoietin levels (8). Moreover, the identi�ication of toll-like receptors on platelet surface and their ability to release antibacterial molecules has suggested thrombocytes involvement in the response to infectious pathogens (9). This highlights the potential role of platelet indices (platelet count, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width) as biomarkers of in�lammatory conditions and even of bacterial infections, especially in the emergency setting, where blood count is rapidly and routinely evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of platelet indices as early biomarkers for bacterial infections in pediatric emergency departments

Virgili,

Nenna,

Di Mattia

et al. 2024

Pediatr Respir J

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Discriminating bacterial from viral etiology of infectious diseases can be challenging in pediatric age, especially during the �irst year of life and even more in an emergency setting. Recent research has identi�ied in platelet indices a potential biomarker for bacterial infections, nonetheless current results remain inconsistent. The primary objective of this retrospective observational study was to assess the ability of platelet indices to distinguish bacterial from viral infections in infants presenting to the emergency department. As secondary endpoints, it aimed to evaluate these indices in differentiating upper from lower urinary tract infections and bacterial from viral pneumonias. The present study included 236 patients younger than 12 months consecutively admitted for urinary tract infections, bronchiolitis, pneumonia or gastroenteritis to our Pediatric Emergency Department. Blood cells count was performed in each patient at admission and PLT indices (platelet count, mean platelet volume-MPV and platelet distribution width) were extracted from medical charts. Children with suspected bacterial diseases had slightly lower PLT and PLT/MPV ratio compared to those with suspected viral infections. None of the platelet indices showed signi�icant differences between upper and lower urinary tract infections. A slight decrease in PLT, MPV and PLT/MPV was recorded in infants with bacterial pneumonias compared to those with viral forms. Platelet indices have not proved effective in de�ining the bacterial etiology of an infectious in children younger than 12 months. They do not discriminate between lower and upper urinary tract infections, nor between bacterial and viral pneumonias. HIGHLIGHTS BOX What is already known about this topic? Discriminating bacterial from viral etiology of infectious diseases can be challenging. Increasing evidence points out the role of platelet indices as biomarkers of bacterial infections. What does this article add to our knowledge? Platelet indices do not discriminate between lower and upper urinary tract infections, nor between bacterial and viral pneumonias. How does this study impact current management guidelines? The accuracy of the available biomarkers in discriminating the etiology of an infectious process in the paediatric population remains limited. More studies are needed to �ill this gap.

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Platelets and Infections

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Antiphospholipid Antibodies Occurrence in Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection without Overt Thrombosis

Antiphospholipid Antibodies Occurrence in Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection without Overt Thrombosis

Platelet-Derived Drug Targets and Biomarkers of Ischemic Stroke—The First Dynamic Human LC-MS Proteomic Study

Evaluation of platelet indices as early biomarkers for bacterial infections in pediatric emergency departments

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