Play as an occupation in occupational therapy

Lynch, Helen; Moore, Alice

doi:10.1177/0308022616664540

Cited by 56 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Hence, play occupation is not only about identifying forms of play (such as doing jigsaws or playing chase) but also is about the player's attitude and experience of the event as being playful. Play occupation is also known as play for play's sake or child-initiated free-play to differentiate it from playful activity or work-like play (Lynch and Moore, 2016; Ray-Kaeser and Lynch, 2016). This essential nature of play is fundamental to health, wellbeing and development in childhood (Ginsburg, 2007).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The state of play in children's occupational therapy: A comparison between Ireland, Sweden and Switzerland

Lynch

Prellwitz

Schulze

et al. 2017

British Journal of Occupational Therapy

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Introduction: Play is viewed as an important occupation in childhood and consequently in children's occupational therapy. However, few studies have explored the place of play in therapy practice. This study aimed to contribute to this knowledge gap by exploring play in occupational therapy in three European countries. Method: A cross-sectional survey of occupational therapists in Ireland, Sweden and Switzerland was conducted to examine the use of play with children under 12 years old. A web-based survey was distributed to 935 occupational therapists, resulting in 338 returned surveys (36%). Responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. Results: Results were organised into three themes: (1) demographics and practice context; (2) play education and (3) use of play in practice. Respondents reported that although they valued play as an occupation, their primary focus was on play as a means to achieving other goals. Lack of education on play (research, theory and interventions) and pressures in the workplace were identified as barriers to play-centred practice. Conclusion: Findings indicate that there is a mismatch between therapists valuing play as an occupation and how play is utilised in therapy practice. There is a need to strengthen education and research on play occupation to strengthen play-centred practice.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The state of play in children's occupational therapy: A comparison between Ireland, Sweden and Switzerland

Lynch

Prellwitz

Schulze

et al. 2017

British Journal of Occupational Therapy

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“…Majority of play instruments focused on preschool and school-aged children; limited for newborns, infants, and toddlers; and negligible for adolescents. While play is known as the dominant activity for children, its essence is available across lifespan [6,140,141]. The neglected populations are somewhat denied on their right to play.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review on Clinimetric Properties of Play Instruments for Occupational Therapy Practice

Romli

Yunus

2020

Occupational Therapy International

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Play is considered the main occupation for children. Pediatric occupational therapists utilize play either for evaluation or intervention purpose. However, play is not properly measured by occupational therapists, and the use of play instrument is limited. This systematic review was aimed at identifying play instruments relevant to occupational therapy practice and its clinimetric properties. A systematic search was conducted on six databases (Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Psychology and Behavioral Science Collection, Scopus, and ASEAN Citation Index) in January 2020. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using Law and MacDermid’s Appraisal for Clinical Measurement Research Reports, and psychometric properties of play instruments were evaluated using Terwee’s checklist while the clinical utility is extracted from each instrument. Initial search identifies 1,098 articles, and only 30 articles were included in the final analysis, extracting 8 play instruments. These instruments were predominantly practiced in the Western culture, which consists of several psychometric evidences. The Revised Knox Preschool Play Scale is considered the most extensive and comprehensive play instrument for extrinsic aspect, whereas the Test of Playfulness + Test of Environmental Supportiveness Unifying Measure is a promising play instrument for intrinsic aspect on play, where both instruments utilize observation. My Child’s Play is a potential questionnaire-based play instrument. However, the current development of play instruments in the occupational therapy field is immature and constantly evolving, and occupational therapists should exercise good clinical reasoning when selecting a play instrument to use in practice.

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“…Play is the main childhood occupation that allows children to learn and develop fundamental motor, cognitive and socio‐emotional skills (Lynch & Moore, 2016). Through play, children learn survival skills, build resilience to deal with adverse life events and develop self‐efficacy (Milteer et al., 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Through play, children learn survival skills, build resilience to deal with adverse life events and develop self‐efficacy (Milteer et al., 2012). Play provides a window to child's development (Lynch & Moore, 2016), thus occupational therapists have used it as both a means and an outcome to intervention. Over the years, occupational therapists used play as a means to understand and improve the functional outcomes of children with a broad range of disabilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Play profiles of children with HIV/Aids: A comparative study

Munambah

Cordier

Chiwaridzo

et al. 2020

Aus Occup Therapy J

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Introduction Despite play being widely used in occupational therapy practice as a means and ends in intervention, no research has explored how the play of children with HIV/AIDS is affected. Therefore, the specific processes through which play can be used in therapy with children with HIV/AIDS remains underexplored, especially in low resourced settings. This study aims to compare the level of playfulness of children with HIV/AIDS to that of age and gender matched typically developing children living in the same low resourced community. Methods The Test of Playfulness (ToP) was used to examine the differences and similarities of play between children aged 4–7 years who are typically developing children (n = 52) and children with HIV/AIDS who receive antiretroviral treatment (n = 44). Each child was video recorded playing with a familiar playmate both indoors and outdoors. The videos were scored by two independent raters who were blinded to all aspects of the study. Scores were subjected to Rasch analysis to calculate interval level measure scores. Independent t‐tests were used to compare differences between the means of the groups. Results Typically developing children scored significantly higher when playing outdoors, as compared to children with HIV [t (94) = 3.57, p = .001]. There was no significant difference between mean measure scores for indoor play when comparing typically developing children and children with HIV. Children who are HIV positive scored significantly lower than typically developing children on items related to the ability to suspend reality and framing in both indoor and outdoor environments. Conclusions Children with HIV/AIDS exhibited lower levels of playfulness when compared to typically developing children. This study provides insight on the play profiles of children with HIV/AIDS, highlighting play deficits and differences between indoor and outdoor play. Occupational therapy can play a significant role in promoting playfulness in children with HIV/AIDS.

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Play as an occupation in occupational therapy

Cited by 56 publications

References 3 publications

The state of play in children's occupational therapy: A comparison between Ireland, Sweden and Switzerland

The state of play in children's occupational therapy: A comparison between Ireland, Sweden and Switzerland

A Systematic Review on Clinimetric Properties of Play Instruments for Occupational Therapy Practice

Play profiles of children with HIV/Aids: A comparative study

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