Play-fighting differs from serious fighting in both target of attack and tactics of fighting in the laboratory ratRattus norvegicus

Pellis, Sergio M.; Pellis, Vivien C.

doi:10.1002/1098-2337(1987)13:4<227::aid-ab2480130406>3.0.co;2-c

Cited by 311 publications

(363 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Indeed, in male mice, aggression peaks after cage-cleaning (Gray & Hurst 1995, Van Loo et al 2000, and this can be serious. In contrast, familiar rats tend not to wound each other, and their apparently aggressive 'skirmishing' behaviour can often be a form of play (Pellis & Pellis 1987), and therefore presumably neither very stressful nor injurious. Nevertheless, in rats, cleaning does cause acute increases in cardiovascular parameters (Doerning 1999, Schnecko et al 1998) and general activity (Burn et al in press, Saibaba et al 1996, Duke et al 2001.…”

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confidence: 84%

Long-term effects of cage-cleaning frequency and bedding type on laboratory rat health, welfare, and handleability: a cross-laboratory study

et al. 2006

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SummaryCage-cleaning is necessary for a hygienic environment, but since rats communicate using scent, they might suffer if their cages are cleaned too frequently. Male rats (Sprague-Dawley and Wistar) were kept for five months across four animal units. Their cages were cleaned twice-weekly, weekly, or every two weeks, and contained either aspen woodchips or absorbent paper bedding. Aggression, injuries and general health, weight gain, chromodacryorrhoea (a stress-related Harderian gland secretion), handleability, and lung pathology were monitored, as was in-cage ammonia. Cleaning frequency had no clear impact on rat welfare, although frequent cleaning decreased ammonia concentrations and handleability, and non-aggressive skirmishing was highest in weekly cleaned rats. Surprisingly, bedding type did not affect ammonia, but all ammonia readings were unexpectedly low. However, rats kept on aspen had greater sneezing rates and lung pathology than those on paper bedding, but also had higher body weights. The results raise concerns about aspen bedding, which is relatively inert compared with other wood beddings, but nevertheless more harmful than paper. Animal unit significantly affected eight of the 11 variables tested, having interactive effects on five of them. The study also demonstrates the interactive effects of different animal units, casting doubt on the feasibility of standardization. We explored multiple variables of interest, so all findings require confirmation through further work. Nevertheless, cage-cleaning rates seem to affect socially housed male rats little, while bedding type has important effects on rat health.

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confidence: 84%

Long-term effects of cage-cleaning frequency and bedding type on laboratory rat health, welfare, and handleability: a cross-laboratory study

et al. 2006

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“…Drugs were administered 30 min before testing, except when methylphenidate or cocaine treatment was combined with α-flupenthixol or RX821002 treatment, in which case α-flupenthixol and RX821002 were administered 30 and 15 min before methylphenidate or cocaine administration, respectively. In view of the importance of the neck area in the expression of social play behavior (Pellis and Pellis, 1987;Siviy and Panksepp, 1987), s.c. injections were administered in the flank.…”

Section: Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting Roles of Dopamine and Noradrenaline in the Motivational Properties of Social Play Behavior in Rats

Achterberg

Kerkhof

Servadio

et al. 2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Social play behavior, abundant in the young of most mammalian species, is thought to be important for social and cognitive development. Social play is highly rewarding, and as such, the expression of social play depends on its pleasurable and motivational properties. Since the motivational properties of social play have only sporadically been investigated, we developed a setup in which rats responded for social play under a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement. Dopaminergic neurotransmission plays a key role in incentive motivational processes, and both dopamine and noradrenaline have been implicated in the modulation of social play behavior. Therefore, we investigated the role of dopamine and noradrenaline in the motivation for social play. Treatment with the psychostimulant drugs methylphenidate and cocaine increased responding for social play, but suppressed its expression during reinforced play periods. The dopamine reuptake inhibitor GBR-12909 increased responding for social play, but did not affect its expression, whereas the noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor atomoxetine decreased responding for social play as well as its expression. The effects of methylphenidate and cocaine on responding for social play, but not their play-suppressant effects, were blocked by pretreatment with the dopamine receptor antagonist α-flupenthixol. In contrast, pretreatment with the α2-adrenoceptor antagonist RX821002 prevented the play-suppressant effect of methylphenidate, but left its effect on responding for social play unaltered. In sum, the present study introduces a novel method to study the incentive motivational properties of social play behavior in rats. Using this paradigm, we demonstrate dissociable roles for dopamine and noradrenaline in social play behavior: dopamine stimulates the motivation for social play, whereas noradrenaline negatively modulates the motivation for social play behavior and its expression.

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“…The doses of drugs and timing of their administration were based on our previous study (Trezza and Vanderschuren, 2007). Because of the importance of the neck area in the expression of social play behavior (Pellis and Pellis, 1987;Siviy and Panksepp, 1987), s.c. injections were administered in the flank.…”

Section: Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From this position, the supine animal can easily initiate another play bout, by trying to gain access to the other animal's neck. Thus, during social play, pinning, which is considered to be the most obvious posture in social play behavior in rats, is not an endpoint, but rather functions as a releaser of a prolonged play bout (Pellis and Pellis, 1987). If the animal that is pounced upon responds by evading, the soliciting rat may start to chase it, thus making another attempt to launch a play bout (Vanderschuren et al, 1997).…”

Section: Social Play Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoid and opioid modulation of social play behavior in adolescent rats: Differential behavioral mechanisms

Trezza¹,

Vanderschuren²

2008

European Neuropsychopharmacology

120

119

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We have recently shown that the pharmacological mechanisms through which cannabinoid and opioid drugs influence social play behavior in adolescent rats can be partially dissociated. Here, we characterize the effects of the direct cannabinoid agonist WIN55,212-2, the indirect cannabinoid agonist URB597 and the opioid agonist morphine on social play at the behavioral level. By treating either one or both partners of the test dyad, we show that these drugs differentially affect play solicitation and play responsiveness. By testing these drugs in animals which were either familiar or unfamiliar to the test cage, we show that environmental factors differentially modulate the effects of cannabinoid and opioid drugs on social play. These results support and extend our previous findings suggesting that, although cannabinoid and opioid systems interact in the modulation of social play behavior in adolescent rats, they do so through partially dissociable behavioral and pharmacological mechanisms.

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Play-fighting differs from serious fighting in both target of attack and tactics of fighting in the laboratory ratRattus norvegicus

Cited by 311 publications

References 43 publications

Long-term effects of cage-cleaning frequency and bedding type on laboratory rat health, welfare, and handleability: a cross-laboratory study

Long-term effects of cage-cleaning frequency and bedding type on laboratory rat health, welfare, and handleability: a cross-laboratory study

Contrasting Roles of Dopamine and Noradrenaline in the Motivational Properties of Social Play Behavior in Rats

Cannabinoid and opioid modulation of social play behavior in adolescent rats: Differential behavioral mechanisms

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