Playa-lake deposition: Green River Formation, Piceance Creek Basin, Colorado

Lundell, L. L.; Surdam, Ronald C.

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1975)3<493:pdgrfp>2.0.co;2

Cited by 41 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Previously, several depositional models describing the evolution and formation of organic‐rich deposits in the Piceance Creek basin have been proposed. The basin has been described: (i) as a deep, permanently stratified lake with chemical precipitation from the water column (Bradley & Eugster, 1969; Desborough, 1978; Johnson, 1981, 1985); (ii) as a shallow, playa lake type where evaporites precipitated due to ground water discharge (Lundell & Surdam, 1975; Cole & Picard, 1978; Moncure & Surdam, 1980); and (iii) as a lake that evolved from one lake type to another (Moncure & Surdam, 1980; Smith et al. , 2008; Davis et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, no basin‐scale correlations based on detailed facies association analyses were performed. Results have been proposed based on geochemical data (Lundell & Surdam, 1975; Desborough, 1978), on a description of a part of the Green River Formation (Moncure & Surdam, 1980; Johnson, 1981), or on compiled analyses with data published in the literature (Smith et al. , 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of an organic‐rich lake basin – stratigraphy, climate and tectonics: Piceance Creek basin, Eocene Green River Formation

Tänavsuu-Milkeviciene¹,

Sarg²

2012

Sedimentology

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The Piceance Creek basin formed as a continental foreland basin ca 53 to 48 Ma in the early to middle Eocene. On a global basis, the basin contains one of the richest oil shale resources known, where the profundal oil shale deposits, kerogen-rich mudstones (clay and carbonate), exist over most of the basin. Despite its economic importance, the evolution of the Piceance Creek basin is still somewhat unclear. Based on facies association analysis, depositional trends, and gamma ray and Fischer assay data, six evolutionary lake stages are recognized: (i) fresh lake; (ii) transitional lake; (iii) highly fluctuating lake; (iv) rising lake; (v) high lake; and (vi) closing lake. Lake stages are composed of depositional units and characterize large-scale changes in sedimentological patterns, depositional trends and fluctuations in the oil shale richness related to changes in climate and tectonics. Lake stage evolution is also consistent with the global Eocene climate trend. Stage 1 formed prior to the Eocene climate optimum. At the beginning of the Eocene climate optimum, a saline-restricted lake formed (Stage 2) and evolved into the highly fluctuating lake (Stage 3) indicating rapid climate changes during the peak of the Eocene climate optimum. This stage was followed by the rising and high lakes (Stages 4 and 5) after the climate optimum and during a change to a more humid climate. The closing of the lake (Stage 6) was caused by increased sand input from the north, indicating the influence of both tectonics and climate. Based on depositional trends and climate evolution, it is suggested that, during the arid climate, laterally heterogeneous highly cyclic depositional units dominate, whereas, during the humid climate, depositional units form laterally continuous sediments that can be traced over long distances.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of an organic‐rich lake basin – stratigraphy, climate and tectonics: Piceance Creek basin, Eocene Green River Formation

Tänavsuu-Milkeviciene¹,

Sarg²

2012

Sedimentology

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“…A significant number of fossil stromatolites from lacustrine Tertiary deposits has been described (e.g. Buchbinder and Begin 1974, Lundell and Surdam 1975, Abel et al 1982, Dixit 1984, but little is known about the organisms that formed them. Therefore, the study of Recent stromatolitic structures (as modern analogues), which are formed by eukaryotic microorganisms, has sedimentological and paleontological implications.…”

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confidence: 99%

THE ROLE OF DIATOMS IN STROMATOLITE GROWTH: TWO EXAMPLES FROM MODERN FRESHWATER SETTINGS¹

Winsborough

Golubić

1987

Journal of Phycology

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Some modern laminated and calcified stromatolitic structures are partially or completely formed by eukaryotes. Diatom populations in freshwater environments with elevated ionic concentrations contribute to calcite precipitation, and the formation of distinctive mineral‐rich stromatolitic laminae. Two types of stromatolite‐forming diatom populations were observed. In the first example, in stromatolies growing on a quarry ledge near Laegerdorf, North Germany, calcite crystals with biogenic imprints form around polysaccharide stalks of the diatom Gomphonema olivaceum var. calcarea (Cleve) Cleve‐Euler. These individually precipitated crystals eventunally become cemented together in layers, forming rigid, laminated stromatolitic deposits which drape over the quarry ledge. In the second example, in stromatolites forming in a shallow stream near Cuatro Ciénegas, Coahuila, Mexico, diatomaceous laminae also form by the accumulation of carbonate particles in a matrix of diatoms and their extracellular polysaccharide products. These laminae become thick enough to drape over individual stromatolite heads. The diatoms responsible for these deposits are Amphora aff. A. Katii Selva, Nitzschia denticula Grun., and six other species. At Cuatro Ciénegas, in addition to the diatomaceous laminae, carbonate‐rich cyanobacterial layers, dominated by two cyanobacterial species with different fabrics and porosities, are also present and contribute substantially to the growth of the stromatolites. In both the Laegerdorf and Cuatro Ciénegas examples, entire stromatolites or thick laminations on stromatolites are built by a small number of diatom species which produce copious amounts of extracellular stalk, gel, and sheath material, a property they share with cyanobacterial stromatolite builders.

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“…nantly ground-dwellers, but including at least two species of web weavers. Sedimentological evidence of interbedded oil-bearing shales and evaporites (predominantly nahcolite and halite) suggests an intermittent playa lake environment [Lundell & Surdam, 1975;Smith et al, 2008]. Presumably, the spiders were living in adjacent habitats and were washed into the lake during storms and subsequent flash floods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fossil spiders (Araneae) from the Eocene Green River Formation of Colorado

Selden

Wang

2014

Arthropoda Selecta

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Playa-lake deposition: Green River Formation, Piceance Creek Basin, Colorado

Cited by 41 publications

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Evolution of an organic‐rich lake basin – stratigraphy, climate and tectonics: Piceance Creek basin, Eocene Green River Formation

Evolution of an organic‐rich lake basin – stratigraphy, climate and tectonics: Piceance Creek basin, Eocene Green River Formation

THE ROLE OF DIATOMS IN STROMATOLITE GROWTH: TWO EXAMPLES FROM MODERN FRESHWATER SETTINGS¹

Fossil spiders (Araneae) from the Eocene Green River Formation of Colorado

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Playa-lake deposition: Green River Formation, Piceance Creek Basin, Colorado

Cited by 41 publications

References 0 publications

Evolution of an organic‐rich lake basin – stratigraphy, climate and tectonics: Piceance Creek basin, Eocene Green River Formation

Evolution of an organic‐rich lake basin – stratigraphy, climate and tectonics: Piceance Creek basin, Eocene Green River Formation

THE ROLE OF DIATOMS IN STROMATOLITE GROWTH: TWO EXAMPLES FROM MODERN FRESHWATER SETTINGS1

Fossil spiders (Araneae) from the Eocene Green River Formation of Colorado

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THE ROLE OF DIATOMS IN STROMATOLITE GROWTH: TWO EXAMPLES FROM MODERN FRESHWATER SETTINGS¹